260 INTERNAL FEMORAL REGION. 



Relations. By its anterior surface with the pubic portion of the 

 fascia lata, and near its insertion with the femoral artery and vein. 

 By its posterior surface with the adductor brevis and magnus, the an- 

 terior branches of the obturator vessels and nerves, and near its in- 

 sertion with the profunda artery and vein. By its outer border with 

 the pectineus, and by the inner border with the gracilis. 



The pectineus must be divided near its origin and turned outwards, 

 and the adductor longus through its middle, turning its ends to either 

 side, to bring into view the adductor brevis. 



The ADDUCTOR BREVIS, placed beneath the pectineus and adductor 

 longus, is fleshy, and thicker than the adductor longus ; it arises from 

 the body and ramus of the os pubis, and is inserted into the upper 

 third of the linea aspera. 



Relations. By its anterior surface with the pectineus, adductor lon- 

 gus, and anterior branches of the obturator vessels and nerve. By its 

 posterior surface with the adductor magnus, and posterior branches of 

 the obturator vessels and nerve. By its outer border with the obtura- 

 tor externus, and conjoined tendon of the psoas and iliacus. By its 

 inner border with the gracilis and adductor magnus. The adductor 

 brevis is pierced near its insertion by the middle perforating artery. 



The adductor brevis may now be divided from its origin and turned 

 outwards, or its inner two thirds may be cut away entirely, when the 

 adductor magnus muscle will be exposed in its entire extent. 



The ADDUCTOR MAGNUS is a broad triangular muscle, forming a 

 septum of division between the muscles situated on the anterior and 

 those on the posterior aspect of the thigh. It arises by fleshy fibres 

 from the ramus of the pubes and ischium and from the side of the 

 tuber ischii ; and radiating in its passage outwards is inserted into the 

 whole length of the linea aspera, and inner condyle of the femur. 

 The adductor magnus is pierced by five openings : the three superior, 

 for the three perforating arteries ; and the fourth, for the termination 

 of the profunda. The fifth is the large oval opening, in the tendinous 

 portion of the muscle, that gives passage to the femoral vessels. 



Relations. By its anterior surface with the pectineus, adductor bre- 

 vis, adductor longus, femoral artery and vein, profunda artery and 

 vein, with their branches, and with the posterior branches of the 

 obturator vessels and nerve. By its posterior surface with the serni- 

 tendinosus, semi-membranosus, biceps, and gluteus maximus. By its 

 inner border with the gracilis and sartorius. By its upper border with 

 the obturator externus, and quadratus femoris. 



The GRACILIS (slender) is situated along the inner border of the 

 thigh. It arises by a broad but very thin tendon, from the body of 

 the os pubis along the edge of the symphysis and from the margin of 

 the ramus of the pubes and ischium ; and is inserted by a rounded 

 tendon into the inner tuberosity of the tibia, beneath the expansion of 

 the sartorius. 



Relations. By its inner or superficial surface with the fascia lata, 

 and below with the sartorius and internal saphenous nerve ; the in- 



