492 



STRUCTURE OP THE NOSE. 



Fig. 152.* 



2. The Muscles are brought into view by reflecting the integument: 

 they are the pyramidalis nasi, compressor nasi, dilatator naris, levator 

 labii superioris alaeque nasi, and depressor labii superioris alaeque nasi. 

 They have been already described with the muscles of the face. 



3. The Bones of the nose are the nasal, and nasal processes of the 

 superior maxillary. 



4. The Fibro- cartilages give form and stability to the outwork of 

 the nose, providing at the same time, by their elasticity, against in- 

 juries. They are five in number, namely, the 



Fibro -cartilage of the septum, 

 Two lateral fibre-cartilages, 

 Two alar fibro-cartilages. 



The Fibro-cartilage of the septum, somewhat triangular in form, 

 divides the nose into its two nostrils. It is connected above with the 

 nasal bones and lateral fibro-cartilages; behind, with the ethmoidal 

 septum and vomer; and below, with the palate processes of the 

 superior maxillary bones. The alar fibro-cartilages and columna move 

 freely upon the fibro-cartilage of the septum, being but loosely con- 

 nected with it by perichondrium. 



The Lateral fibro-cartilages are also 

 triangular: they are connected, in front, 

 with the fibro-cartilage of the septum ; 

 above with the nasal bones ; behind 

 with the nasal processes of the supe- 

 rior maxillary bones ; and below with 

 the alar fibro-cartilages. 



Alar fibro-cartilages. Each of these 

 cartilages is curved in such a manner 

 as to correspond with the opening of 

 the nostril, to which it forms a kind of 

 rim. The inner portion is loosely con- 

 nected with the same part of the oppo- 

 site cartilage, so as to form the co- 

 lumna. It is expanded and thickened 

 at the- point of the nose to constitute 

 the lobe; and upon the side forms a 

 curve corresponding with the form of 

 the ala. This curve is prolonged down- 

 wards and forwards in the direction 

 of the posterior border of the ala by 

 three or four small fibro-cartilaginous 

 plates, which are appendages to the alar 

 fibro-cartilage. 



* The fibro-cartilages of the nose. 1. One of the nasal bones. 2. The fibro- 

 cartilage of the septum. 3. The lateral fibro-cartilage. 4. The alar fibro-car- 

 tilage. 5. The central portions of the alar fibro-cartilages which constitute the 

 columna. 6. The appendix of the alar fibro-cartilage. 7. The nostrils. 



