ORGAN OF TASTE. 519 



superior ventricle of the vestibule, and are distributed to the sacculus 

 communisand ampullae of the perpendicular and horizontal semicircular 

 canals. The middle vestibular branch sends off numerous filaments, 

 which pass through the openings of the macula cribrosa in the anterior 

 ventricle of the vestibule, and are distributed to the sacculus proprius. 

 The inferior and smallest branch takes its course backwards to the 

 posterior wall of the vestibule, and gives off filaments which pierce the 

 wall of the ampullary dilatation of the oblique canal to be distributed 

 upon its ampulla. According to Stiefensand there is in the situation 

 of the point of entrance of the nervous filaments into the ampullae a 

 deep depression upon the exterior of the membrane, and upon the in- 

 terior a corresponding projection, which forms a kind of transverse 

 septum, partially dividing the cavity of the ampulla into two cham- 

 bers. In the substance of the sacculi and ampullae, the nervous 

 filaments radiate in all directions, anastomosing with each other, and 

 forming interlacements and loops, and they terminate upon the inner 

 surface of the membrane in minute papillae, resembling those of the 

 retina. 



The Cocklear nerve divides into numerous filaments which enter the 

 foramina of the tractus spiralis foraminulentus in the base of the 

 cochlea, and passing upwards in the canals of the modiolus, bend out- 

 wards at right angles, to be distributed in the tissue of the lamina 

 spiralis. The central portion of the nerve passes through the tubulus 

 centralis of the modiolus, and supplies the apicial portion of the lamina 

 spiralis. In the lamina spiralis the nervous filaments lying side by 

 side on an even plane form numerous anastomosing loops, and spread 

 out into a nervous membrane. According to Treviranus and Gottsche, 

 the ultimate terminations of the filaments assume the form of papillae. 



The Arteries of the labyrinth are derived principally from the 

 auditory branch of the superior cerebellar artery. 



ORGAN OF TASTE. 



The Tongue is composed of muscular fibres, which are distributed in 

 layers arranged in various directions : thus, some are disposed longi- 

 tudinally ; others transversely ; others, again, obliquely and vertically. 

 Between the muscular fibres is a considerable quantity of adipose 

 substance. 



The tongue is connected posteriorly with the os hyoides by muscular 

 attachment, and to the epiglottis by mucous membrane, forming the 

 three folds which are called fr&na epiglottidis. On either side it is 

 held in connection with the lower jaw by mucous membrane, and in 

 front a fold of that membrane is formed beneath its under surface, 

 which is named fraenum lingue. 



The surface of the tongue is covered by a dense layer analogous to 

 the corium of the skin, which gives support to papillae. A rapht 



