592 PELVIS. 



The Veins terminate in the vena cava by a single large trunk on 

 each side ; the left renal vein receiving the left spermatic vein. In- 

 jections thrown into the renal artery and returning by the vein, gene- 

 rally make their way into those vessels by rupture ; and when the 

 injection returns by the tubuli uriniferi, it results from the bursting of 

 the capillary tufts of the Malpighian bodies. The lymp/iatic vessels 

 terminate in the lumbar glands. 



The Nerves are derived from the renal plexus, which is formed 

 partly by the solar plexus, and partly by the lesser splanchnic nerve. 

 The renal plexus gives branches to the spermatic plexus, and 

 branches which accompany the ureters: hence the morbid sympa- 

 thies which exist between the kidney, the ureter, and the testicle: 

 and by the communications with the solar plexus, with the stomach 

 and diaphragm, and indeed with the whole system. 



PELVIS. 



The cavity of the pelvis is that portion of the great abdominal cavity 

 which is included within the bones of the pelvis, below the level of the 

 linea-ilio-pectinea and the promontory of the sacrum. It is bounded 

 by the cavity of the abdomen above, and by the perineum below ; its 

 internal parietes are formed in front, below, and at the sides, by 

 the peritoneum, pelvic fascia, levatores ani muscles, obturator fasciae 

 and muscles ; and behind, by the sacrum, and sacral plexus of nerves. 



The Viscera of the pelvis in the male are the urinary bladder, the 

 prostate gland, vesiculae seminales, and the rectum. 



The Bladder is an oblong membranous viscus of an ovoid shape, 

 situated behind the os pubis and in front of the rectum. It is larger 

 in its vertical diameter than from side to side ; and its long axis is 

 directed from above, obliquely downwards and backwards. It is 

 divided into body, fundus, base, and neck. The body comprehends 

 the middle zone of the organ ; the fundus, its upper segment ; the 

 base, the lower broad extremity, which rests upon the rectum ; and 

 the neck the narrow constricted portion which is applied against the 

 prostate gland. 



This organ is retained in its place by ligaments which are divided 

 into true and false ; the true ligaments are seven in number, two an- 

 terior, two lateral, two umbilical, and the urachus ; the false ligaments 

 are folds of the peritoneum, and are four in number, two anterior and 

 two posterior. The anterior liyaments are formed by the pelvic fascia, 

 which passes from the inner surface of the os pubis, on each side of the 

 symphysis, to the front of the bladder. The lateral ligaments are 

 formed by the reflexion of the pelvic fascia from the levatores ani 



