THE EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY 



555 



The Ascending Palatine Artery (a. palatina ascendens) (Fig. 513) arises close to 

 the origin of the external maxillary artery and passes up between the Styloglossus 

 and Stylopharyngeus to the side of the pharynx, along which it is continued between 

 the Constrictor pharyngis superior and the Pterygoideus internus to near the base 

 of the skull. It divides near the Levator veli palatini into two branches: one fol- 

 lows the course of this muscle, and, winding over the upper border of the Constrictor 

 pharyngis superior, supplies the soft palate and the palatine glands, anastomosing 

 with its fellow of the opposite side and with the descending palatine branch of the 

 internal maxillary artery; the other pierces the Constrictor pharyngis superior 

 and supplies the palatine tonsil and auditory tube, anastomosing with the tonsillar 

 and ascending pharyngeal arteries. 



The Tonsillar Branch (ramus tonsillaris) (Fig. 513) ascends between the Ptery- 

 goideus internus and Styloglossus, and then along the side of the pharynx, 

 perforating the Constrictor pharyngis superior, to ramify in the substance of the 

 palatine tonsil and root of the tongue. 



The Glandular Branches (rami glandulares; submaxillary branches') consist of three 

 or four large vessels, w r hich supply the submaxillary gland, some being prolonged 

 to the neighboring muscles, lymph glands, and integument. 



The Submental Artery (a. submentalis) the largest of the cervical branches, is 

 given off from the facial artery just as that vessel quits the submaxillary gland: 

 it runs forward upon the Mylohyoideus, just below the body of the mandible, 

 and beneath the Digastricus. It supplies the surrounding muscles, and anastomoses 

 with the sublingual artery and with the mylohyoid branch of the inferior alveolar; 

 at the symphysis menti it turns upward over the border of the mandible and 

 divides into a superficial and a deep branch. The superficial branch passes between 

 the integument and Quadratus labii inferioris, and anastomoses with the inferior 

 labial artery; the deep branch runs between the muscle and the bone, supplies 



e lip, and anastomoses with the inferior labial and mental arteries. 



FIG. 509 The labial coronary arteries, the glands of the lips, and the nerves 9f the right side seen from the 

 posterior surface after removal of the mucous membrane. (Poirier and Charpy.) 



The Inferior Labial Artery (a. labialis inferior; inferior coronary artery) arises near 

 the angle of the mouth; it passes upward and forward beneath the Triangularis 

 and, penetrating the Orbicularis oris, runs in a tortuous course along the edge of 

 the lower lip between this muscle and the mucous membrane. It supplies the 

 labial glands, the mucous membrane, and the muscles of the lower lip; and anas- 

 tomoses with the artery of the opposite side, and with the mental branch of the 

 inferior alveolar artery. 



The Superior Labial Artery (a. labialis superior; superior coronary artery) is larger 

 and more tortuous than the inferior. It follows a similar course along the edge 

 of the upper lip, lying between the mucous membrane and the Orbicularis oris, 

 md anastomoses with the artery of the opposite side. It supplies the upper lip, 



