568 



ANGIOLOGY 





Branches. The cervical portion of the internal carotid gives off no branches. 

 Those from the other portions are : 



From the Petrous Portion 



From the Cavernous Portion 



From the Cerebral Portion 



( Caroticotympanic. 



lArtery of the Pterygoid Canal. 



Cavernous. 

 Hypophyseal. 

 Semilunar. 

 Anterior Meningeal. 

 Ophthalmic. 



Anterior Cerebral. 

 Middle Cerebral. 

 Posterior Communicating. 

 Choroidal. 



1. The Caroticotympanic branch (ramus caroticotympanicus; tympanic branch) 

 is small; it enters the tympanic cavity through a minute foramen in the carotid 

 canal, and anastomoses with the anterior tympanic branch of the internal maxillary, 

 and with the stylomastoid artery. 



2. The artery of the pterygoid canal (a. canilis pterygoidei [Vidii]-, Vidian artery) 

 is a small, inconstant branch which passes into the pterygoid canal and anas- 

 tomoses with a branch of the internal maxillary artery. 



3. The cavernous branches are numerous small vessels which supply the 

 hypophysis, the semilunar ganglion, and the walls of the cavernous and inferior 

 petrosal sinuses. Some of them anastomose with branches of the middle meningeal. 



4. The hypophyseal branches are one or two minute vessels supplying the 

 hypophysis. 



5. The semilunar branches are small vessels to the semilunar ganglion. 



6. The anterior meningeal branch (a. meningea anterior) is a small branch which 

 passes over the small wing of the sphenoid to supply the dura mater of the anterior 

 cranial fossa; it anastomoses with the meningeal branch from the posterior eth- 

 moidal artery. 



7. The ophthalmic artery (a. ophthalmica) (Fig. 514) arises from the internal 

 carotid, just as that vessel is emerging from the cavernous sinus, on the medial 

 side of the anterior clinoid process, and enters the orbital cavity through the optic 

 foramen, below and lateral to the optic nerve. It then passes over the nerve to 

 reach the medial wall of the orbit, and thence horizontally forward, beneath the 

 lower border of the Obliquus superior, and divides it into two terminal branches, 

 the frontal and dorsal nasal. As the artery crosses the optic nerve it is accompanied 

 by the nasociliary nerve, and is separated from the frontal nerve by the Rectus 

 superior and Levator palpebrse superioris. 



Branches. The branches of the ophthalmic artery may be divided into an orbital 

 group, distributed to the orbit and surrounding parts; and an ocular group, to the 

 muscles and bulb of the eye. 



Orbital Group. 



Lacrimal. 

 Supraorbital. 

 Posterior Ethmoidal. 

 Anterior Ethmoidal. 

 Medial Palpebral. 

 Frontal. 

 Dorsal Nasal. 



Ocular Group, 



Central Artery of the Retina. 

 Short Posterior Ciliary. 

 Long Posterior Ciliary. 

 Anterior Ciliary. 

 Muscular. 



