1304 



SURFACE ANATOMY AND SURFACE MARKINGS 



Muscles. The muscles proper of the back are so obscured by those of the upper 

 extremity (Fig. 1211) that they have very little influence on surface form. The 

 Splenii by their divergence serve to broaden out the upper part of the back of the 

 neck and produce a fulness in this situation. In the loin the Sacrospinales, bound 



I 



Inf. angle of scapula 



Trapezius 



Spine of scapula 



Rhomboideus major 

 I ^^*/ Teres major 



fef 



Deltoideus 



Glutceus medius 



Glutceus maximus 



FIG. 1211. Surface anatomy of the back. 



down by the lumbodorsal fascia, form rounded vertical eminences which determine 

 the depth of the spinal furrow and taper below to a point on the dorsal surface of 

 the sacrum. The continuations of the Sacrospinales in the lower thoracic region 

 form flattened planes which are gradually lost on passing upward. 



