

SURFACE MARKINGS OF THE ABDOMEN 



1317 



Stomach (Fig. 1223). The shape of the stomach is constantly undergoing altera- 

 tion; it is affected by the particular phase of the process of gastric digestion, by 



FIG. 1221. -With the patient in the erect posture. FIG. 1222. With the patient lying down. 



FIGS. 1221 and 1222. Radiographs of a moderately distended stomach, showing the influence of posture. 



(Modified from Hertz.) 



the state of the surrounding viscera, and by the amount and character of its con- 

 tents. Its position also varies with that of the body (Figs. 1221, 1222), so 



Traiispyloric 

 ~ plane, 



Orifice oj 

 vermiform process 



- V Trans tubercular 

 plane 



FIG. 1223. Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for liver, stomach, and great intestine. 



that it is impossible to indicate it on the surface with any degree of accuracy. The 

 measurements given refer to a moderately filled stomach with the body in the 

 supine position. 





