1340 



IRFACE ANATOMY AND SURFACE 



I 



Biceps femoris 

 Popliteal fossa 



Gastrocnemius 



Peronceus 

 longus 



Quadriceps 

 femoris 



Patella 



Tuberosity 

 of tibia 



- Tibialis anterior 



the fibula; the tendons of the Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus as they run 

 medialward to the tibia are separated by a slight furrow; the Semitendinosus is 

 the more medial, and can be felt in certain positions of the limb as a sharp cord, 

 while the Semimembranosus is thick and rounded. The Gracilis is situated a little 

 in front of them. 



The Tibialis anterior (Fig. 1240) presents a fusiform enlargement at the lateral 

 side of the tibia and projects beyond the anterior crest of the bone; its tendon can 

 be traced on the front of the tibia and ankle-joint and thence along the medial side 

 of the foot to the base of the first metatarsal bone. The fleshy fibers of Peronaeus 

 longus are strongly marked at the upper part of the lateral side of the leg; it is 



separated by furrows from Extensor 

 digitorum longus in front and Soleus 

 behind. Below, the fleshy fibers end 

 abruptly in a tendon which overlaps 

 the more flattened elevation of Pero- 

 nseus brevis; below the lateral mal- 

 leolus the tendon of Peronseus brevis 

 is the more marked. 



On the dorsum of the foot (Fig. 

 1241) the tendons emerging from 

 beneath the transverse and cruciate 

 crural ligaments spread out and 

 can be distinguished as follows: 

 the most medial and largest is 

 Tibialis anterior, the next is Ex- 

 tensor hallucis proprius, then Ex- 

 tensor digitorum longus dividing 

 into four tendons, to the second, 

 third, fourth, and fifth toes, and 

 lastly Peronseus tertius. The Ex- 

 tensor digitorum brevis produces a 

 rounded outline on the dorsum of 

 the foot and a fulness in front of the 

 lateral malleolus. The Interossei 

 dorsales bulge between the metatar- 

 sal bones. 



At the back of the knee is the 

 popliteal fossa, bounded above by 

 the tendons of the hamstrings and 

 below by the Gastrocnemius. Below 

 this fossa is the prominent fleshy 

 mass of the calf of the leg produced 

 by Gastrocnemius and Soleus (Fig. 

 1 239) . When these muscles are in action the borders of Gastrocnemius form two well- 

 defined curved lines which converge to the tendocalcaneus; the medial border is the 

 more prominent. At the same time the edges of Soleus can be seen forming, on 

 either side of Gastrocnemius, curved eminences, of which the lateral is the longer. 

 The fleshy mass 'of the calf ends somewhat abruptly in the tendocalcaneus, which 

 tapers in the upper three-fourths of its extent but widens out slightly below. 

 Behind the medial border of the lower part of the tibia (Fig. 1242) a well-defined 

 ridge is produced by the tendon of Tibialis posterior during contraction of the 

 muscle. 



On the sole of the foot the Abductor digiti quinti forms a narrow rounded eleva- 

 tion on the lateral side, and the Abductor hallucis a lesser elevation on the medial 



Lateral m 

 malleolus 



FIG. 1240. Lateral aspect of right leg. 



