64 ANA TO MY AND PHYSIO LOG Y FOR NURSES 



Anterior Vertebral Region. This region con- 

 tains four muscles the rectus capitis anticus major, the 

 rectus capitis anticus minor, the rectus lateralis, the 

 longus colli. The lateral vertebral region contains three 

 muscles the scalenus anticus, medius, and posticus. 

 Action of the several muscles, to control the movements of 

 the head and neck; by means of their several attachments 

 the head may be moved in any direction. 



MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK 



These are divided into groups, according to the region 

 in which they are located : thus we have the muscles of the 

 back, of the abdomen, of the thorax, and of the perineum. 



The muscles of the back are divided into five layers, 

 of which the more superficial layer is of most interest to 

 the nurse. (In this connection the illustrations should 

 be carefully studied, in order that an accurate knowledge 

 of the construction of these muscles may be obtained.) 



The first of these to be described is the large muscle 

 situated at the upper and back part of the neck and 

 shoulders, this is known as the trapezius. 



Trapezius. Origin, from the occipital bone and the 

 processes of the seventh cervical and the twelve dorsal 

 vertebrae, as well as from the ligamentum nuchse. In- 

 sertion, into the clavicle and scapula. Action, draws the 

 shoulder upward, backward, and outward; it also moves 

 the scapula on the chest. 



Latissimus Dorsi. Origin, from the six lower dorsal 

 vertebrae and the crest of the ilium ; being a broad mus- 

 cle, it covers the lumbar and lower half of the sacral 

 region, and is one of the most important muscles of the 

 body. Insertion, into the humerus. Action, draws the 

 humerus downward and backward while rotating it in- 

 ward; it raises the lower ribs in forcible inspiration; it 



