ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 



CHAPTER I 



INTRODUCTION 



THE human body from birth to old age exhibits in 

 the living condition a series of phenomena by which it 

 grows, performs the various and complex movements 

 of which man is capable in the processes of daily life; 

 thinks, and is conscious of the sensations which bring 

 him into relation with his surroundings, and repro- 

 duces, permitting a continuation of the species. 



A study of the functions of the numerous organs 

 and structures of the body in a state of health, and their 

 associated phenomena of growth, movement, mentality, 

 and reproduction, is termed human physiology. 



To understand the functions of organs, etc., it is 

 necessary to first understand the construction of the 

 human body of which they are a part. To this branch 

 of science the term human anatomy is applied. 



THE ANATOMIC ARRANGEMENT OF THE BODY 

 AS A WHOLE 



The human body is divided into an axial portion 

 consisting of the head, neck, and trunk; and an appen- 

 dicular portion, including the limbs or extremities 

 arms, legs, etc. 



The axial portion is subdivided into a posterior or 

 dorsal cavity, and an anterior or ventral cavity. 



The dorsal cavity is formed by the vertebrse and their 

 arches of bone, and the bones of the skull. If the 

 2 



