126 MUSCLE TISSUE 



consisting of a few scant fibers. In mammalia they 

 are particularly well-developed as the rabbit, etc. 



Actions. Is not marked in man. Attrahens draws 

 the ear forward and upward; attollens raises it slightly; 

 retrahens draws it backward. 



Muscles of the Eyelids and Eyebrows (Palpebral 

 Region) 



Orbicularis palpebrarum 

 Corrugator supercilii 

 Tensor tarsi 



Orbicularis Palpebrarum. This is a flat muscle, 

 consisting of circular fibers which surround the cir- 

 cumference of the orbit and eyelids. Origin from the 

 upper and lower margins of the internal tarsal liga- 

 ments and passes out in a slight curve across the upper 

 lid to the external tarsal ligament. The orbital portion 

 is the larger and stronger, is attached to the nasal 

 process of superior maxilla, inner part of orbital arch, 

 and externally overlies the cheek and temple forming 

 a series of concentric loops. The upper fibers of this 

 portion of the muscle blend with the fibers of the 

 occipitofrontalis and corrugator supercilii muscles. 



THE TARSAL LIGAMENTS. Internal Tarsal Liga- 

 ment or tendo-oculi is J inch in length and about the 

 same in breadth. Attached to the nasal process of the 

 superior maxilla in front of the lacrymal groove, 

 then it passes to the inner commissure of the eyelids, 

 splitting and ending in the inner extremity of the 

 corresponding tarsal plate of the eyelids; crossing the 

 lacrymal sac the tendon gives off a strong aponeurotic 

 layer from its posterior surface, which spreads over 

 the sac, and is attached to the ridge on the lacrymal 

 bone this latter is the reflected aponeurosis of the 

 tendo oculi. The external tarsal ligament is weaker 

 than the former and arises from the frontal process 



