QUESTIONS 223 



QUESTIONS 



1. Where is the pericardium found? Its function? 



2. In which bony cavity of the body is the heart located? 



3. W.hat is the position of the heart in the thoracic cavity? 



4. What relation does the apex bear to the chest wall? 



5. Can the beat of the heart be felt at any point on the chest 

 wall and where? 



6 How many surfaces has the heart? Borders? 



7. What are its dimensions? Weight, male and female? 



8. What grooves can be seen on the external surface of the heart 

 wall? 



9. How many chambers has the heart? 



10. What divides the right side from the left? The auricles from 

 the ventricles? 



11. How many auricles are there? Ventricles? 



12. What name is given to the opening between the auricle and 

 ventricle? 



13 What is the lining membrane of the heart called? 



14. What variety of cells are found in the endocardium? 



15. What parts present themselves in the right auricle? 



16. Name the small muscles found in the cavities of the right 

 and left ventricles. 



17. Name the valves found in the right and left auriculoven- 

 tricular openings. The pulmonary artery and aorta. 



18. How many leaflets has the mitral valve? Tricuspid valve? 



19. What name is given to the cords extending between the 

 papillary muscles and margins of the mitral and tricuspid valves? 



20. Give a brief description of the course of the blood through 

 the chambers of the heart? 



21. What muscle transmits the contraction wave of the heart 

 muscle from the right auricle to the ventricular walls? 



22. How is the cardiac cycle divided? 



23. How long does the cycle of the heart last? How divided? 



24. Give the normal beat of the heart per minute in an adult. 

 Fetus. First year of life. Third year. Eighth to fourteenth year. 



25. At what point on the chest wall can the beat of the heart be 

 heard best? 



26. What causes the first sound of the heart? Second sound? 



27. Describe briefly the fetal circulation. 



28. Give the changes in the fetal circulation following birth. 



29. Name the coats of an artery. 



30. What variety of tissue renders arteries so elastic? 



31. Why is the elasticity of the arterial wall so essential? 



32. What causes arteries to contract? 



33. What do you understand by the term vasa vasorum? 



34. What are small arteries called? Veins? 



35. What forms the walls of capillaries? 



36. What are the functions of the capillaries? 



37. How many coats form the wall of a vein? 



38. Do some veins possess valves? 



