THE SMALL INTESTINE 265 



tubular glands. These are of two kinds, called pyloric 

 and cardiac glands they secrete the gastric juice; 

 some are simply tubular, while others have several 

 branches opening into a common duct. The pyloric 

 glands are most numerous at the smaller end, but the 

 cardiac glands (see Fig. 101, page 263) are found all 

 over the stomach, the ducts of the latter being shorter. 

 In the cardiac glands, between the basement membrane 

 and the lining epithelium, are numerous peptic or 

 parietal cells, the others being known as the central 

 or chief cells. Between the glands the mucous mem- 

 brane contains lymphoid tissue, collected here and 

 there into little masses resembling the solitary intes- 

 tinal glands, and called the lenticular glands. Beneath 

 the membrane is a muscularis mucosae. (See Fig. 82, 

 page 202, for blood-supply of the stomach.) 



THE SMALL INTESTINE 



The Duodenum. The duodenum is about 10 inches 

 long, and runs in a curved direction from the pylorus 

 of the stomach to the jejunum, which it joins on the 

 left side of the second lumbar vertebra. The concavity 

 of the curve looks toward the left and embraces the 

 head of the pancreas. It is divided, for description, 

 into four parts or portions. 



The Jejunum and Ileum. The jejunum includes 

 the first two-fifths of the remaining part of the small 

 intestine, running from the left side of the first or 

 second lumbar vertebra to the beginning of the ileum. 

 Its coats are thicker and more vascular, and are of a 

 deeper color and larger caliber than the ileum. 



The remainder of the small intestine is the ileum, 

 which ends by opening into the inner side of the com- 

 mencement of the large gut in the right iliac fossa. 



The Structure of the Small Intestines. The wall 

 of the small intestine, including the duodenum, con- 



