312 BODY TEMPERATURE OR HEAT 



Knowing the above, it is easy to determine the 

 heat units or calories each quantity of contained 

 proteins, fats, and carbohydrates in a diet will liberate. 

 The number of grams of protein are multiplied by 

 4.1 calories, which one gram of protein evolves; the 

 number of grams of fat, by 9.3 calories, that one 

 gram of fat evolves; and the number of grams of 

 carbohydrates by 4.1 calories, the amount of calories 

 that 1 gram of carbohydrates liberates. See example: 



The quantity of protein consumed daily is 



100 gm. = 100 X 4. 10 or 410 calories 



The quantity of carbohydrates consumed 



daily is 500 gm. = 500 X 4.1 or . . . 2050 calories 



The quantity of fats consumed daily is 50 



gm. = 50 X 9 . 3 or 465 calories 



2925 calories 



The average number of calories required by an 

 individual daily, to maintain an even temperature, 

 and promote the normal energy of the body, is about 

 3000. Thus the heat dissipated by the body will 

 nearly equal the physiologic heat values of the foods 

 we eat. 



The Temperature of the Body. The equalization 

 of the heat-dissipation and heat-production keeps 

 the body at a standard temperature. This in olden 

 times was taken by physicians simply by laying the 

 hand on the skin. The introduction of the clinical 

 thermometer has allowed of a more accurate and 

 scientific means of reading the temperature. The 

 temperature of the body varies in different locations, 

 due to the chemic changes resulting from body metab- 

 olism varying in their intensity and extent in different 

 parts of the body. This variation would be more 

 marked were it not due to the fact that the blood 

 and lymph absorbing the heat, evenly distribute it 

 to all parts of the body, so that the change in temper- 

 ature amounts to only a few degrees. 



