QUESTIONS 329 



nerves in the skin, as a result of hot applications, high 

 external temperature, etc. 



The nerve centres which regulate the secretion of 

 sweat are located in the spinal cord and reach the 

 glands of the skin by means of the sympathetic nerves 

 with which the spinal nerves communicate. The domi- 

 nating centre which is influenced to activity by emotional 

 states, etc., is situated in the medulla oblongata 

 and sends its impulses down the spinal cord and out 

 through the spinal nerves and 'the sympathetic system 

 to the cells of the glands. Sweat may be produced 

 by a general relaxation of the bloodvessels which 

 supply the sweat glands, resulting from a stimulation 

 of the vasomotor nerves. But it must be remembered 

 that a normal production of sweat is based on the 

 activity of both the nerves influencing the blood 

 supply to the glands, and the nerves which stimulate 

 the cells of the sweat glands to secrete. 



QUESTIONS 



1. What organs include the urinary apparatus? 



2. Give the location of the kidneys. 



3. Which is higher, the right or left? 



4. Give dimensions and weight. 



5. Are the kidneys behind the peritoneum? 



6. How are the kidneys held in position? 



7. What do you understand by the medulla and cortex of the 

 kidney substance? 



8. How many pyramids are there in the medulla? 



9. What part of the pyramids drain the urine into the pelvis of 

 the ureter? 



10. What structures form the medullary rays in the cortex of 

 the kidney? The labyrinth? 



11. What structures form Bowman's capsule? The glomerulus? 



12. What structures form the renal or Malpighian corpuscles in 

 the cortex? 



13. Where do the urinifetous tubules commence in the substance 

 of the kidney? Where do they terminate? 



14. What type of epithelium lines Bowman's capsule? The 

 convoluted portion of the uriniferous tubules? The loops of Henle? 



15. How many ureters are there? 



16. What is the function of the ureters? How long is each one? 



17. Give the location, dimensions, and capacity of the bladder. 



