DISEASED MILK. 67 



[Clemm examined the milk of a bitch. Its specific gravity 

 was 1033 ; and 1000 parts yielded 274-689 of solid constituents, 

 consisting, for the most part, of casein and butter, but still 

 giving undoubted indications of the presence of a very small 

 quantity of sugar. The bitch was fed entirely on flesh.] 



On diseased milk in animals. 



The changes produced by disease have been especially studied 

 in cow's milk. The milk may contain mucus, pus, and blood, 

 under similar conditions to those which we have noticed in 

 woman's milk. (See page 57.) These substances are easily 

 detected by the microscope. 



Through the kindness of Dr. Bremer, I obtained some milk 

 from the udder of a cow affected with vaccinia, and indeed 

 one portion of the milk was taken from a teat covered with 

 the eruption, while the rest was drawn from a healthy teat. 

 The two specimens differed both chemically and physically : the 

 milk from the diseased teat was strongly alkaline, had a slightly 

 saline taste, and exhibited under the microscope a number of 

 mucus- and pus-corpuscles. It became gelatinous on the addi- 

 tion of a spirituous solution of caustic ammonia ; it yielded a 

 precipitate of mucus- or pus-corpuscles on standing, while the 

 upper portion became clear ; and it coagulated on heating, in 

 consequence of the presence of albumen. 



The milk from the healthy teat had a mild acid reaction, 

 tasted like ordinary milk, contained no pus- or mucus -corpuscles, 

 but a larger proportion of fat-vesicles than the diseased milk. 

 These analyses gave : 



Water .... 



Solid constituents 



Butter .... 



Casein .... 



Casein, with pus or mucus, and albumen 



Sugar, with alcohol-extract, lactates, and! 

 chloride of sodium . . . j 



Extractive matter, with chloride of sodium, 1 

 lactate of soda, and a little sugar . J 



Water-extract 



Salts soluble in water . 



Salts insoluble in water 



29-36 



3-87 

 3-20 



31-40 



16-18 



0-32 

 6-42 

 2-42 



