URINE. 145 



Christison 1 published an analysis of healthy urine, in which, 

 however, he did not enter into very minute details. The 

 specific gravity was 1029. In 1000 parts, he found 67' 7 of 

 solid residue, of which 55-2 were composed of urea, extractive 

 matters, and lactates, 11-1 of alkaline chlorides, sulphates and 

 phosphates, TO of earthy phosphates, and 0'4 of mucus. Hence 

 100 parts of the solid residue contain about 40 urea, 16 fixed 

 salts, 39 extractive matters and ammonia-salts, and 1*5 earthy 

 phosphates. 



Dumenil made an analysis of urine in 1826. He found the 

 specific gravity of the mixed urine of several healthy persons 

 to be 1016. 



In 1000 parts there were 31 '8 of solid residue, which con- 

 sisted of 13-2 parts of urea not quite free from alcohol-extract, 

 0-08 of uric acid, 2'09 of extractive matter, 0-6 of earthy phos- 

 phates, 1-03 of phosphate of soda, 0-55 of phosphate of ammonia, 

 2-69 of sulphate of potash, 8'03 of chloride of sodium, 2'69 of 

 sulphate of potash, 8-03 of chloride of sodium, T16 of chloride 

 of ammonium, 0*18 of phosphate of lime, peroxide of iron, and 

 sulphate of lime, and 0'39 of mucus. 



[In addition to these analyses we may mention those of 

 Becquerel, Marchand, and myself. Becquerel obtained the 

 following results : 



1 Edin. Med. and Surg. Journal, vol. 33. 



2 [These salts consisted of: 



Chlorine . . . 0-502 



Sulphuric acid . . 0*855 



Phosphoric acid . . 0-317 



Potash . . . 1-300 



Soda, lime, and magnesia . 3-944 ] 

 ii. 10 



