URINE. 



209 



constitutes 39 of the solid residue of normal urine, I have found 

 it as high as 46-8 in inflammatory affections. (In abdominal 

 typhus, with a quick small pulse, I have seen it as low as 22.) 



The physiological average of uric acid may be placed at l'5g of 

 the solid residue ; in the phlogoses I have observed it amount 

 to nearly 3, and Becquerel even found it rise as high as 5'9. 

 The quantity of extractive matter &c., which in normal urine 

 amounts to 23*5g of the solid residue, rises in inflammations to 

 43g. The fixed salts, which, in healthy urine, constitute about 

 25 of the solid residue, diminish here to 12. The sulphate of 

 potash, which, in healthy urine, forms about lOg of the solid 

 residue, I found to vary in inflammation between 7 and 9g. 



The composition of the urine becomes changed if much blood 

 is abstracted during the progress of the inflammation. It be- 

 comes clearer, specifically lighter, and the amount of urea 

 decreases absolutely and relatively. 



At the height of the inflammation, or (perhaps it would be 

 better to say) at the time when the fever puts on the synochal 

 type most strongly, the urine is usually clear and deeply coloured; 

 it subsequently forms a sediment of a yellow or red colour, 

 composed of uric acid and urates. 



Pericarditis. 



I have had an opportunity of examining the urine in peri- 

 carditis. A man aged 36 years entered the hospital with the 

 symptoms of very acute pericarditis; the pulse was 108, very 

 full and hard. The urine obtained for analysis was clear, of a 

 deep fiery-red colour, had an acid reaction, a specific gravity of 

 1023-5, and, on being heated, gave indications of the presence 

 of albumen. 



The chemical analysis gave : 



Analysis 98. 



Water ..... 937-50 



Solid residue ..... 62-50 



Urea . 29-30 



Uric acid 



Extractive matters 



Earthy phosphates 



Sulphate of potash 



Phosphate of soda 



Chloride of sodium and carbonate of soda 



A strict antiphlogistic regimen with bloodletting was ordered. 

 The blood taken at the first venesection exhibited, after coagu- 

 ii. 14 



