214 THE SECRETIONS: 



new arrangement of the atoms in the same manner as yeast 

 resolves sugar into alcohol and carbonic acid. 



Inflammatory affections of the brain and spinal cord are not 

 the only diseases in which carbonate of ammonia is formed in 

 the urine : I shall subsequently show that alkaline urine is fre- 

 quently observed in diseases of the kidneys and the bladder, and 

 in nervous fevers. 



In inflammation of the respiratory organs the urine generally 

 exhibits the inflammatory type in a high degree, varying, how- 

 ever, with the development, extent, and intensity of the dis- 

 ease. 



BroncMtis. 



In bronchitis, if the attack is severe, and accompanied with 

 much synochal fever, the urine is scanty, of a dark-red colour, 

 strongly acid, and of a high specific gravity. 



Becquerel observed an appreciable amount of albumen in the 

 urine in such cases. The urine deposited a sediment, and had 

 a mean specific gravity of 1025 '2. During convalescence, the 

 urine either returns to the normal state, or assumes the ansemic 

 type (of Becquerel), i. e., it is pale, of low specific gravity, and 

 deficient in solid constituents, especially in urea. In milder 

 forms of acute bronchitis Becquerel found the urine highly co- 

 loured, sometimes sedimentary, and of a mean specific gravity 

 of 1024-3. In the mildest forms, the urine scarcely deviates 

 from the normal state. 



Pneumonia. 



In pneumonia the urine is subject to considerable variations 

 dependent upon the extent of the disease, and the degree of in- 

 flammation. In severe inflammations, the urine is very dark, 

 of high specific gravity, and frequently sedimentary, especially 

 at critical periods and during the fever; Becquerel, however, 

 once found that the urine deposited a sediment on the day when 

 the fever ceased. An appreciable amount of albumen is by 

 no means rare. The urine remains acid during the whole 

 period of inflammation, and Becquerel found the same to be the 

 case during the period of convalescence also. The mucus is 



