URINE. 217 



that the uric acid is increased, that the salts are diminished, 

 and that the extractive matters, especially the alcohol-extract 

 are increased in the urine of pneumonia. 



100 parts of solid residue of 100 parts of solid residue of 

 pneumonic urine contain : normal urine contain : 



Becquerel. Simon. 



39-0 

 1:5 



25-8 

 23-5 

 10-3 



According to Schonlein, the crisis in pneumonia shows itself 

 in the urine by the secretion .becoming turbid and sedimentary; 

 after ten or twelve hours a crystalline micaceous deposit forms, 

 above which the urine becomes clear. 



The following instance is strongly confirmatory of Schonlein' s 

 opinion. In a case of pneumonia that recently occurred in his 

 own wards, the urine, during the height of the inflammatory 

 stage, was dark, very acid, and deposited no sediment; at the 

 period of resolution it became paler and neutral ; one morning 

 I found it yellow, neutral, and with a sediment of white crystals 

 visible even to the naked eye. The microscope at once revealed 

 the beautiful shapes assumed by the ammoniaco-magnesian 

 phosphate. I was much struck with the singular relations of 

 the urine itself. It was perfectly neutral; and any acid, even 

 dilute acetic, threw down a white precipitate, which led to the 

 supposition that a caseous matter was present; I soon, however, 

 found that this was not the case, for on treating a portion with 

 hydrochloric acid and allowing it to stand for some time, very 

 beautiful, nearly colourless crystals of uric acid were deposited. 



Alcohol threw down a tolerably copious white precipitate, 

 which was collected on a filter and washed with more alcohol. 

 A portion of this precipitate was taken up by warm water, and 

 left as a residue after evaporation; it was entirely consumed 

 when heated on platinum foil ; rubbed with caustic potash, it 

 developed ammonia ; warmed with nitric acid, it gave indications 

 of the presence of a large amount of uric acid. The portion 

 insoluble in warm water was readily soluble in hydrochloric acid, 

 from which it could be again precipitated by ammonia, and on 

 examining this precipitate under the microscope, I found that 



