URINE. 227 



and weighed as such. The carbonate of soda associated with the 

 chloride of sodium, arose from the reduction of the lactates. 



Becquerel analysed the urine of a man (A) aged 33 years, 

 who was attacked with icterus accompanied with fever and diar- 

 rhoea, after being in a violent rage. He was soon reduced to 

 a state of great debility. The urine was very bilious, depo- 

 sited a yellow sediment of uric acid, and had a specific gravity 

 of 1013-0. 



The urine of a woman (B) who had a chronic affection of 

 the heart, and was attacked with acute hepatitis without very 

 well-marked icterus, was of a deep yellow colour, but not tinged 

 by bile. It deposited a spontaneous sediment, and had a specific 

 gravity of 1018-9. 



The composition of the urine in these two cases was as follows: 



* 



A. B. 



Water . . . 978-50 968-90 



Solid constituents . . 21-50 31-10 



Urea . . . 6-15 13-10 



Uric acid . . 1-14 1-57 



Fixed salts . . 5-15 4-31 



Organic matters . . 8-01 11-88 



Ii we calculate the relative proportions of the various con- 

 stituents in relation to one hundred parts of solid residue in these 

 analyses, and compare them with the corresponding numbers in 

 healthy urine, we find the proportions much the same as we have 

 already found in pneumonia, except that in Becquerel's first 

 case in which there was great debility accompanied with typhoid 

 symptoms, the urea is very much diminished, whilst, in his second 

 case, it is very much increased ; in my case the salts were present 

 to a large amount. 



100 parts of the solid residue of 100 parts of the solid residue 



the urine in hepatitis contained of healthy urine contained 



Becquerel. Simon. 

 1. 2. 



Urea . 29-6 42-2 37-5 39-0 



Uric acid . 5-4 5-6 2-8 1-5 



Fixed salts . 24-0 13-9 31-3 25-8 



Extractive matters, &c. 41-1 38-2 26-6 23-5 



Sulphates . 9'0 10-3 



Schonlein states that the urine in hepatitis is of a dark-red 

 colour, approaching a brown, that it usually contains biliphsein, 

 and that at the crisis a rose-coloured precipitate is formed. 



