268 THE SECRETIONS: 



Rayer has published a very interesting communication on 

 an endemic hsematuria that occurred in the Isle of France. 

 Children of very tender age discharged blood with the urine ; 

 he relates for instance, the case of a boy, who from his seventh 

 year lost nearly an ounce of blood daily : uric-acid gravel was 

 combined with the hsematuria. 



A man aged 21 years, from the Isle of France, who was 

 under Rayer' s care, had had hsematuria from his youth. The 

 urine which he passed in Rayer' s presence formed, in the course 

 of seven hours, a cream -like layer on the surface; two distinct 

 strata were afterwards formed, the upper being of a yellowish- 

 white colour, and the lower red : the latter contained two clots 

 of coagulated matter, one was the ordinary blood-clot, the other 

 was white and loose. The upper milky stratum contained much 

 albumen and fat (chylous urine), the lower one contained blood. 

 No casein was present. It is worthy of remark that the hsema- 

 turia never came on till about noon, the urine passed in the 

 earlier hours being always clear. 



Rayer and Orfila also observed a similar case of bloody and 

 milky urine in a Brazilian. The disease commenced with a 

 discharge of milky urine, the hsematuria coming on a year after- 

 wards. 



Catarrhs. 



In simple catarrh the state of the urine corresponds with the 

 degree of vascular reaction. 



If the catarrh terminates without any perceptible fever, the 

 urine scarcely deviates at all from the normal state : if the fever 

 is accompanied by much excitement, the urine, according to 

 Schonlein, becomes rather red, and forms a mucous sediment. 

 At the commencement of convalescence from a feverish catarrh 

 the urinary crisis shows itself by a mucous sediment. 



In influenza the urine assumes a reddish tint, and assumes 

 more or less of the inflammatory type in proportion to the 

 synochal character of the fever. Schonlein states that the 

 nature of the urinary crisis at the approach of convalescence is 

 dependent on the character of the fever : in erethismic fever the 

 sediment is mucous, in synochal fever it is earthy, and in gastric 

 fever it is of a yellowish-gray colour. 



