URINE. 285 



vicarious act of the kidneys in connexion with the formation of 

 bone. 



The urine of a child aged 5 years, who was being treated for 

 rachitis in Romberg's clinical ward for children, was sent to 

 me for analysis. It was of a pale yellow colour, turbid, and neu- 

 tral; its specific gravity was 1011. As the determination of the 

 salts was the principal object that I had in view, it was allowed 

 to stand for two days before the analysis was undertaken; hence 

 the determination of the urea may not have been perfectly ac- 

 curate. The urine in the other analyses was passed by chil- 

 dren aged 3 and 4 years respectively. It was much about the 

 same colour as, or perhaps rather darker than in the first case, 

 was slightly acid, and the specific gravity varied from 1015 to 

 1020. 



The proportion of the most important constituents was found 

 as follows : 



Anal. 124. Anal. 125. Anal. 126. Anal. 127. 



Water . . . 978-40 968-50 964-90 962-80 



Solid constituents . . 21-60 31-60 35-10 37-20 



Urea 3-50 6-70 6-17 7-36 



Uric acid 

 Fixed salts 

 Phosphate of soda 

 Sulphate of potash 

 Earthy phosphates 



() 0-26 0-35 0-26 



8-53 8-60 14-71 16-70 



2-82 4-01 4-27 374 



1-90 1-80 1-31 1-80 



0-48 0-52 0-58 



On calculating the ratios of these constituents to 100 parts 

 of solid residue, and comparing them with those that occur 

 in healthy urine, we find that the quantity of urea has con- 

 siderably decreased, while that of the salts is increased. In 

 analyses 124, 126, 127, the increase of the fixed salts is very 

 considerable, especially of the phosphate of soda and earthy 

 phosphates. In analysis 125 this increased ratio is less striking. 

 100 parts of solid residue contain : 



Anal. 124. Anal. 125. Anal. 126. Anal. 127. Normal Urine. 

 Urea 16-1 21-2 17'6 19'8 39'0 



The uric acid was not determined. 



