344 THE SECRETIONS: 



1. 2. 



Water . . . 885-09 912-84 



Solid constituents . . 114-91 87-16 



Urea 12-44 8-36 



Hippuric acid . 



Water-extract . 



Alcohol-extract 



Mucus 



Salts soluble in water 



Salts insoluble in water 



12-60 1-23 



21-32 19-25 



25-50 18-26 



0-05 0-06 



40-00 



23-40 \ 

 18-80 J 



On two occasions the individual salts were determined, and 

 it was found that in 100 parts of the saline residue there were : 



i. 2. 



Carbonate of lime . . 12-50 31-00 



Carbonate of magnesia . 9*46 13*07 



Carbonate of potash . . 46-09 \ 49.33 



Carbonate of soda . . 10-33 J 



Sulphate of potash . < . 13-04 9*02 



Chloride of sodium . . 6'94 5-60 



Silica . . . 0-55 1 



Loss . . . 1-09/ 



Traces of iron were always observed, but he could never ascer- 

 tain the presence of fluorine. The mean specific gravity resulting 

 from numerous observations was 1045. The horses, in these 

 cases, were used for agricultural purposes, and fed on hay and 

 oats. The prevailing opinion that, by excessive work, the hip- 

 puric is replaced by benzoic acid, is stated by Von Bibra to be 

 incorrect. Benzoic acid was scarcely ever observed, and, when 

 present, was only recognizable under the microscope. The 

 hippuric acid varied in different analyses from 15 to 5 or even 

 less in 1000 parts of urine. The secretion was always alka- 

 line, and in a few minutes deposited a sediment, consisting (as 

 seen under the microscope) of compact vesicles. The deposit 

 consisted of the carbonates of lime and magnesia, with an or- 

 ganic compound that could not be removed by the most careful 

 washing. In three analyses there were found : 



Carbonate of lime . 80-9 87'2 87'5 



Carbonate of magnesia 12-1 7-5 8-2 



Organic matter . 7-0 5-3 4-3 



100-0 100-0 100-0 



Boussingault 1 has likewise analysed the urine of a horse 

 feeding on trefoil and vetches. It was very alkaline, had a 

 specific gravity of 1037-3, and contained in 1000 parts : 



1 Annal. de Chimie et de Physique, Septembre, 1845. 



