346 



THE SECRETIONS: 



The urine of cattle, just after it is passed, is clear and acid ; 

 it soon, however, deposits crystals of the carbonates of lime and 

 magnesia. It contains hippurate of soda, and a larger propor- 

 tion of urea than is found in human urine. 



[The urine of oxen employed for agricultural purposes was 

 analysed by Von Bibra. The specific gravity varied from 1040 

 to 1032. The urine was of a dark yellow colour, perfectly 

 clear, and of a peculiar odour. 



The following analyses were made with the urine of the same 

 animal at different times : 



Water 



Solid constituents 

 Urea . 

 Hippuric acid 

 Mucus . 

 Alcohol-extract 

 Water-extract 

 Soluble salts 

 Insoluble salts 



The saline residue contained : 



Carbonate of lime 



Carbonate of magnesia . 



Carbonate of potash 



Sulphate of potash 



Chloride of sodium 



Silica 



Traces of iron, and loss 



1-07 



6-93 



77-28 



13-30 



0-30 



0-35 



0-77 



100-00 



Although these salts are liable to considerable quantitative 

 variations, (for instance, Von Bibra, in two analyses, found 

 14-22 and 16 of chloride of sodium,) yet, as a general rule, 

 the urine of oxen contains more alkaline and less earthy 

 carbonates than the urine of horses. 



The urea and hippuric acid varied extremely in different 

 analyses. The food of the oxen consisted of fresh clover and 

 a little hay. 



Boussingault found that the urine of a cow feeding on after- 

 math and potatoes, effervesced briskly on the addition of an 

 acid, and deposited numerous crystals of hippuric acid. Its 

 specific gravity was 1040, and it contained in 1000 parts : 



