URINARY CALCULI OF ANIMALS. 463 



Calculus from bladder Do. from urethra 

 of ox. of ox. 



Carbonate of lime . 61-66 64-6 



Carbonate of magnesia . 30-78 28-3 



Fat . . . 0-80 0-2 



Water, loss, and traces of iron 6-76 6 - 9 



Lassaigne, who as far back as the year 1828 published a 

 memoir on the calculi occurring in the dog, has recently de- 

 tected a very singular specimen of concretion found in the 

 kidneys,, ureters, and bladder of a mastiff-bitch that died from 

 dropsy. The calculi were irregular in shape and of a beautiful 

 grass- green colour. They contained : 



Urate of ammonia . . . 87*9 



Green bile-pigment . . 12-1 



Phosphate of lime . . .a trace. 



These calculi are not only remarkable for having uric acid 

 as a constituent a thing of rare occurrence in those animals, 

 but for having associated with it a principle peculiar to the 

 bile. 1 ] 



Concretions are likewise found in fishes, especially in the 

 sturgeon ; they are usually somewhat flattened, and marked 

 with depressions ; externally they are of a dull yellow colour ; 

 internally they are nearly colourless, and the section exhibits 

 a concentric, radiating, and beautifully crystalline arrangement. 

 Klaproth 2 analysed a concretion of this nature weighing seven 

 ounces; it burned to a white ash before the blowpipe, and 



Bulletin de 1' Academic de Medecine, Dec. 1842. 



2 [Wb'hler has recently analysed a portion of a similar, if not the identical concre- 

 tion. In 100 parts he found : 



According to 



CaO, P0 5 + 5HO. 



Phosphoric acid . . 41-34 41-57 



Lime . . . 31-66 32-48 



Water . . . 26-26 25-95 



Organic matter . . 0.74 



Hence this concretion consists of the neutral phosphate of lime with five atoms of 

 water, or Ca 0, P0 5 -f 5 HO, whereas common bone earth is 2 CaO, HO, PO 5 + 2 

 (3 Ca 0, P0 5 ). Wohler suggests the probability of this salt occurring in the place 

 of ordinary bone-earth in the bones of these fishes. 



