330 UMBELLIFER^. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 



terete, scaly or tubercled. Ribs obsolete. Vittse 0, or inconspicuous 

 under primary ribs. Carpophore adnate to mericarps — Prickly herbs, 

 with simple umbels like heads or spikes, the flowers sessile, each sub- 

 tended by a bract. 



* Biennials, with sessile heads, aquatic, or growing in moist places. 



1. E. Barrelieri, Boiss. (D Stem low, dichotomously branched. 

 Radical and lower stem-leaves membranous, oblong-lanceolate, crenate, 

 or prickly-denticulate, undivided, tapering into a long petiole, the up- 

 per sessile, generally o-parted, prickly, dentate. Leaves of involucre 

 13-14, subulate, triquetrous, prickly at base ; paleae entire, similar to and 

 as long as involucre leaves, dilated at base, much longer than calyx ; 

 calyx-lobes ovate, short-mucronate — July — Marshes near the coast. 



* * Perennials, with peduncled heads, growing in dry places. 



t Palece all entire. 



2. E. g^lomeratum, Lam. 2|; ''Ud-el-Qosm. Shinddh. .4 to 1, 

 rigid, erect, thyrsoid or corymbose, glaucous-green. Leaves with short, 

 sheathing petiole, bipinnatisect into linear-lanceolate, prickly-toothed 

 lobes, the upper recurved. Involucre-leaves 5 or less, linear, keeled, 

 nearly entire, 3-5 times as long as .01 long head — Summer — Fields ; 

 common. 



3. E. canipe§tre, L. '^. .5, glaucous-green, corymbose above. 

 Leaves coriaceous, the radical ovate in outline, 3-5-palmatisect, with 

 decurrent, pinnatisect, prickly-toothed or incised, more or less 

 overlapping segments, the stem-leaves auricled-clasping, 2-pinnatisect, 

 prickly-toothed. Involucre-leaves 5-7, linear to linear-lanceolate, 

 subulate, 2-4-prickly at base, twice to twice and a half as long as 

 .012 to .015 long head, — Summer — Hems to Nusairy Mountains, 

 Amanus, Aint^b, and Horthward. 



4. E, Billardieri, Laroch. If .5 to .8, corymbose above ; 

 plant, except lower leaves, amethyst-colored. Root-leaves orbicular in 

 o\xi\inQ, of ten .1^ to ."2 hroad, 8r5-palmately parted, segments ovate in 

 outline, 2-3-parted into broad, linear lobes, coarsely incised-prickly. 

 Involucre leaves 7-9, alternating with long, needle-like prickles, linear- 

 lanceolate, subulate, prickly below, twice to thrice as long as .015 to 

 . 02 long heads — Summer — Fields ; Alpine and subalpine Lebanon 

 and Antilebanon. 



Var. K.ot§cliyi, Boiss. Root-leaves more dissected, often with 

 narrowly linear lobes ; external palese sometimes 1-toothed at apex — 

 Akherdagh, and northward. 



5. E. Heldreicliii, Boiss. 2X Qarsah. .4 to .5, . i3ale-green 

 below and pale-blue above, corymbose, with few heads. Root-leaves 

 round in outline, .02 to .04 hroad, 2-ternatisect, with overlapping, incis- 

 ed-prickly segments ; stem-leaves rather larger and looser, 2-4-ternate, 

 lobes linear-prickly. Involucre leaves 7-8, linear-lanceolate, subulate, 

 2-0-prickly, twice to four times as long as .01 to .014 long head,'-- 

 Summer — Alpine and subalpine Lebanon and Hermon. 



1 1 The outer palece tricuspid, the inner entire. 



6. E falcatuni, Laroch. 2X -5 to .8, green, dichotomous- 

 corymbose, few-headed. Root-leaves and lower stem-leaves membra- 



