DIPSACE^. (teasel FAMILY.) 399 



Order LV. DIPSACEJE. (Teasel Family). 



Robust herhs, with opposite or whorled leaves, no stip- 

 ules, and perfect flowers, each with a tubular, calyx-liks 

 invohiceU aggregated in heads, loith an involucre as in 

 Compositce, or (i'?i Morina) i?i axillary whorls / calyx-tube 

 adnate to base of ovary ; corolla inserted on apex of calyx- 

 tube ^ stamens free; style \, stigma simple ; ovary \ -celled ; 

 seeds albuminous — Cal^^x-limb cnp-sliaped, disk -like, or 

 divided into pappus ; corolla-limb 2-5-lobed, sometimes ir- 

 regular. Fruit indebiscentj dry, included in involucel, often 

 aduate to it, apex free, crowned with calyx-limb. 



* Flowers whorled. Corolla bilabiate. Stigma terminal, straight. 

 1. MORINA. Calyx-limb with two, leaf-like lobes. 



* * Flowers in heads. Corolla not labiate ; tube short. Stigma oblique. 



2. DIPSACIT?' Involucel truncate at apex or with crenate or minutely toothed crown ; calyx- 

 limb cup-shaped or disk-like, truncate or entire. 



3. CEPHALARIA. Involucel 4-8-toothed, or naked j calyx-limb umbonate, oo -toothed. 



4. KNAUTIA. Involucel minutely toothed ; calyx-limb unequally 4-6-toothed. 



5. SCABIOSA. Involucel ending in a scarious crown ; calyx-limb 5-aristate. 



6. PTERUCEPHALUS. Involucel ending in a short crown ; calyx-limb with 12-24, plumose 

 awns. 



Involucel unequally spiny-dentate at apex. Calyx-limb -with two, 

 leafy lobes. Corolla tubular-ringent, upper lip bifid, lower trifid. 

 Stamens. 4, of which 2 are rudimentary — Perennial herbs, with thistle- 

 like leaves, forming an involucre to the whorls of long-exserted, showy, 

 pink flowers. . 



M. Persica, L. 2f .6 to 1. Stem stout, grooved. Leaves 

 leathery, the lower linear, petioled, the floral sessile, ovate, all sinuate- 

 pinnatifid, with spiny lobes. Flowers nearly sessile; longer spines of 

 involucel as long as calyx-limb, or longer ; calyx-limb obovate-oblong, 

 obtuse or retuse ; corolla pubescent, .05 to .06 long- Summer — 

 Middle and subalpine Lebanon and Antilebanon, toAintab, Marash, and 

 northward. 



2. BIPSACUS, L. Teasel. 



Involucel 4-angled, grooved, truncate at apex, with an almost ob- 

 solete, denticulate margin. Calyx-limb cup-shaped. Receptacle chaffy. 

 Involucre leaves in one row— Stout, tall, mococarpic herbs, with 

 large, ,05 to .06 long, ovate heads of small flowers, almost hidden by 

 their lont^-aristate pales. 



1. I>. sylvestris, L. 1 to 1.5, prickly. Leaves glalrous or 

 aculeate^ crenate-serrate., sessile, the lowest tapering at base, the others 

 connate at base, the intermediate sometimes pinnatifid. Pales oUong-ob- 

 ovate — May to September — 



Var. coinosus, Ledeb. Upper pales as long as head — Fields ; 

 Subalpine Lebanon. 



