COMPOSITE, (composite FAMILY). 423 



* Perennials. 



1. P. dy§eiiterica, L. If Appressed-woolly-canescent. Leaves 

 soft, wavy, oblong-lanceolate, denticulate or entire, those of stem ob- 

 long-lanceolate, with a heart-shaped, clasping base. Heads .02 broad ; 

 peduncles rather long ; scales of involuci e linear-cuspidate, somewhat 

 spreading ; rays numerous, about twice as long as involucre ; bristles 

 of pappus 14-20, four times as long as akene — August and Septem- 

 ber — 



Var. niicrocephala, Boiss. More branching ; heads a little 

 smaller ; rays somewhat shorter — Wet places ; common to subalpine 

 regions. 



2. P. loiigifolia, Boiss, 11 .3 to .6, viscid, hirtulous, with 

 short hairs tubercled at base ; stem panicled or corymbose above. 

 Leaves .06 to .08 long, nearly entire, the lower linear -oblong, with long 

 tapering base, the upper linear, half-clasping, minutely auricled. Heads 

 .01 broad, long-peduncled ; scales of involucre hirsute, linear, acumin- 

 ate ; rays 3-toothed, not longer than involucre ; bristles of pappus about 

 ten, thrice as long as akenes — Summer — Moist places; Sinai to 

 Egypt. 



3. P. undulata, L. % Rdbur. Rahlul. .2 to .4, more or less 

 woolly-can escent. Leaves wavy, cut or toothed, the radical oblong, 

 tapering at base, those of stem oblong-lanceolate, auricled-clasping. 

 Heads terminal, .015 to .02 broad ; peduncles rather long, scaly toward 

 tip ; scales of involucre oblong-linear, acuminate, somewhat shorter 

 than disk ; rays about twice as long as involucre ; bristles of pappus 

 about 15, thrice as long as akene — Spring — Sandy places from Dead 

 Sea to Sinai and Egypt. 



* * Annuals. 



4. P. Tulg^aris, Gfjertn. .3 to .4, crisp-woolly, branching 

 from base, paniculate-corymbose. Leaves repand-denticulate, the 

 lower oblong, tapering into a petiole, the upper half-clasping at base, 

 oblong-lanceolate. Heads .008 broad, terminal ; peduncles short; 

 scales of involucre villous, linear-lanceolate, acuminate ; rays erect, 

 scarcely longer than involucre ; bristles of pappus 8-10, about as long as 

 akene — Spring — Beirut. 



Var. alpina, Post. .03 to .1 ; all the parts of the plant smaller ; 

 heads ,004 broad — Inundated places near top of Akherdagh. 



5. P. Arabica, Cass. .3 to .6, hirsute or woolly, dichoto- 

 mous. Lower leaves oblong, tapering into a petiole, upper half-clasp- 

 ing, linear-lanceolate, auricled at base. Heads in forks and terminal ; 

 scales of involucre hirsute, lanceolate-linear, acuminate ; rays spreadino-' 

 a little longer than involucre ; bristles of papjDus te?i, thrice as long as 

 akene — April to September — Moist places ; coast and lower moun- 

 tains and interior plain ; Jordan Valley. 



Var. augustifolia, Post. Leaves narrower than in type. Stem 

 and branches glabrescent — Besherri. 



19. FRANC€EIJRIA, Cass. Francceuria. 



Heads many-flowered, heterogamous. Marginal flowerets in 1 row, 

 strap-shaped, pistillate, those of disk perfect, tubular, 5-toothed. In- 



