444 COMPOSIT.E. (composite family.) 



more thau twice as long as involucre ; marginal akenes linear-cylin- 

 drical, beaked, prickly at back, semicircular, the intermediate ovate, 

 boat-shaped, inflated, with a concave, membranous margin, the inner 

 ring-shaped — Spring — 'Aleih (Lebanon) ; Damascus. 



* * Annuals. Leaves oblanceolate lo oilong-lanceolate, repand-toothed, 

 mo?x or less clasping at base. 



2. C Pale§tiiia, Boiss. .2 to .5, somewhat roughish, glutin- 

 ous ; branches erect. Heads .015 broad ; rays twice as long as in- 

 volucre ; marginal akenes with .02 to .025 long beaks, 3-4 times as 

 long as involucre, frequently crested-toothed at margin ; intermediate 

 much inflated, boat-shaped ; inner ring-like, prickly at back — Spring 

 — Fields ; coast and lower mountains, and interior plains. 



Var. bracliyrrhyiicSia, Boiss. Beak of outer akenes short, as 

 long as seed or shorter — Jerusalem. 



- 3. C arveii§i§, L. © .2 to .4, pubescent ; stems erect or 

 decumbent. Heads .015 broad, about twice as long as involucre ; outer 

 akenes beaked, once and a half to twice as long as involucre ; in- 

 termediate inflated, boat-shaped ; inner ring-like, wrinkled at back — 

 Spring — Fields ; common throughout. Grows to a gigantic size in 

 Jordan Valley (Tristram). 



4. C Persica, C. A. M. .1 to ,5, papillose-glutinous, 

 branching from neck. Heads .008 to .01 broad, rays once and a half 

 as long as involucre ; akenes all ring-like, prickly at back, winged at 

 face, three times as large as the wrinkled, inner ones — Spring — 

 Southern and western borders of et-Tih. 



Var. gracilt§, Boiss. Akenes more nearly equal, the outer twice 

 or less than twice as large as inner, not crested at margin, frequently 

 only roughened at back — Tripoli ; Damascus ; Aleppo. 



5. C. ^gyptiaca, Desf. .2 to .5, papillose-hairy, glutinous. 

 Heads hardly .01 broad, few-flowered ; rays papillose-hairy at base 

 hardly longer than involucre ; marginal akenes long-prickly at back, 

 ending in a slender beak as long as or longer than seed ; intermediate 

 winged-crested or boat-shaped ; inner ring-like, wrinkled — Spring — 

 Common to alpine regions. 



Var. §u1>ero§tri§, Boiss. Marginal akenes winged-inflated, 

 beak short or ; intermediate beakless — Borders of deserts in 

 southern Palestine ; Lattakia. 



45. I>IPTI:B.0€0M£, Fisch et Mey. Dipterocome. 



Heads few -flowered, heterogamous. Flowerets all tubular, those 

 of margin pistillate, short, funnel-shaped at tip, almost 2-lipped, the 

 posterior lip very short, 2-3-toothed, much smaller than the anterior ; 

 disk-flowerets 5-toothed, staminate. Filaments mouadelphous, anthers 

 nearly free, muticous at base, appendaged at apex. Style of pistillate 

 flowers bifid, of staminate thickened at tip, nearly entire. Akenes 

 either cylindrical, curved, prickly at back, with 2, recurved, prickly- 

 margined horns at tip, or of two forms, the outer longer, less curved, 

 not horned, with radiating prickles at tip. Pappus of the horned 

 akenes composed of a few, spreading, scabrous bristles. 



