446 COMPOSITE, (composite family.) 



* Scales of partial involucre more or less united. 

 t Scales of partial involucre all glabrous. 



1. E. glaberriinu§, DO. If KhasMr. .6, glossy, glabrous, 

 except slightly cobwebby, under face of leaves ; stem slender, simple, 

 1-headed. Leaves rigid, prominently nerved, lanceolate, pinnatipartite 

 into small, ovate-oblong segments, v^ith crowded, spiny lobes. Pencil 

 half as long as involucre ; scales of involucre about 16 ; chaff of 

 pappus short, free — Summer — Sinai and et-Tih. 



t t Outer scales of involucre at least usually looolly or glandular, some 

 of them produced into horns. 



2. E. §pinosus, L. 2f ShauTc-el-Jemdl. 1 or more, not glandular. 

 Leaves pinnatipartite into linear-lanceolate or subulate, prickly lobes, 

 with revolute margins. Heads .05 broad ; pencil as long as involucre, 

 composed of scabrous bristles ; scales of involucre 18-20 ; bristles of 

 pappus chaff-like, united for one-third of their length; involucre of 

 upper, sterile headlets furnished with a strong horn, often .04 long — 

 Summer — Syria (place not noted ; Boissier). 



3. E. vi§cosiis, DC. Qarqafdn. Qutdt. Ma7'''dioUeh. Shauh- 

 el-Jemdl. 1 to l.o ; stem reddish or white, glabrescent, ov rough with 

 more or less copious, red, glandular bristles. Leaves greenish, and beset 

 with glandular bristles at upper face, canescentat lower, 1-2-pinnatisect 

 into lanceolate, spiny lobes. Heads .05 broad ; pencil one-third to one- 

 half as long as involucre ; scales of involucre 20-22 ; bristles of pappus 

 chaff-like, united at base ; one scale of the involucre of the upper 

 headlets sometimes elongated into a horn — Summer and autumn — 

 Fields ; common from coast to subalpine regions, and interior plains. 



Var. Oaillardoti, Post. Heads smaller. Involucre .01 long. 

 (E. Gaillardoti, Boiss.). 



Var. Blancheanus, Post. Leaves with linear-subulate lobes, 

 revolute margins, and long prickles. Heads as in type or in Var. 

 Gaillardoti. {E. Blancheanus, Boiss.). 



* * Scales of partial involucre all free. 



4. E, vaginatus, Boiss. et Haussk. If .5 to 1, glandless ; stem 

 stout, terete, appressed-woolly-canescent. Leaves coriaceous, green. at 

 upper surface, cobwebby-canescent at lower, the radical oblong-lanceo- 

 late, pinnatisect into triangular-lanceolate, 3-5-fid, long-prickly seg- 

 ments, the short petiole bordered on each side by a flat, linear-oblong, 

 striate wing, loith jJf'icMy -pectinate margin, those of stem ovate-oblong, 

 sessile, prickly-dentate, the uppermost hooded. Heads .08 in diameter ; 

 pencil more than half as long as involucre, composed of feathery scales ; 

 scales of involucre 13-14 ; bristles of pappus united for one-fourth of 

 their length — September — Alpine regions of Akheidagh, and north- 

 ward. 



5. E. sphaBrocephalu§, L. If 1 or more ; stem grooved, 

 canescent and setul ose-glandular. Leaves soft, green at upper surface, 

 viscid-hirtellous, canescent at lower surface, lanceolate, pinnatifid into 

 oblong, triangular, lobed, prickly segments. Pencil somewhat more 

 than half as long as involucre ; scales of involucre about 16, viscid- 

 puberulent ; bristles of pappus united to beyond their middle — Summer 

 — Uennesaret (Tristram). 



