452 coMPOSiTiE. (composite family.) 



15-20-Jioioered ; scales of involucre 50-55, ovate, abiniptly acuminate 

 — June — Edlip to Aleppo and Aintab. 



* * Bristles of receptacle, at least the longer ones scabrous {except C. 

 WesJieni) . Flowerets pinJc or purple. 



t Scales of involucre cohwe'bhy, hroad at hase, gradually tapering into a 

 long, recurved, triquetrous spine. 



5. C. liibanotica, DC. % (5) .3 to .6, densely appressed- 

 woolly, canescent ; stem thick, corymbose. Root-leaves crowded, 

 lanceolate-linear, pinnatipartite into lanceolate, dentate lobes, tipped 

 with long, yellow spines ; upper leaves half-clasping, ovate-lanceolate, 

 recurved, coarsely serrate-prickly, ending in a long, firm spine. Heads 

 terminal, globular, .02 to .03 in diameter, 60-70-flowered ; spines of 

 involucre .01 to .03 long, flowerets pink ; akenesbald, nearly truncate, 

 obsoletely lobed — July to September — Subalpine and alpine Le- 

 banon. 



6. C. Dayi, Post, (Plantse Postianoe, Fasc. ii. 13). (D appressed- 

 tomentelious, canescent ; stem thick, corymbose-paniculate. Leaves 

 oblong, pinnatifid into triangular, spiny-dentate lobes, the upper lanceo- 

 late, falcate-recurved, ending in a strong spine. Heads terminal, ovate, 

 .015 long, 40-50-flowered ; spines of involucre .01 to .02 long ; flowerets 

 pinh, akenes bald, truncate — July and August — Northern Antile- 

 banon to alpine summits, and 'Asal-el-Ward plateau. 



7. C. IVesheni, Post. (Plantie Postianoe, ii. 13). If or @ .6 to 

 1 ; stem thick, winged, iiocculent, branching from base, paniculate- 

 corymbose. Leaves woolly at upper surface, pannous at lower, oblong, 

 coarsely spiny-serrate, the lower tapering at base and tip, the upper 

 long -deciir rent at iase, forming hroad loings to the stem. Heads numerous,- 

 ovate, .012 long, arranged along the upper side of the branches, 30-40- 

 flowered ; involucre densely cobwebby, the outer scales 15-20, linear- 

 lanceolate, spiny, twice to thrice as long as diameter of head, the inner 

 scarious, tawny, much shorter than the deep purple flowerets ; bristles 

 of receptacle glabrous, finely fluted ; akenes oblong-club-shaped, margin 

 scarcely lobuled, pappus scabrous — July — El- Jebel-el-Abiad (Syrian 

 Desert), above el-Weshen. 



I I Scales of involucre more or less suddenly contracted into recurved , 



triquetrous spines. 



8. C. Hermouis, Boiss. T^ (D BurUhah. .3 to .5, more or less 

 cobwebby-canescent, corymbose. Root-leaves crowded, lanceolate, 

 pinnatipartite into crowded, triangular, 2-3-spiny-lobed and dentate 

 segments ; stem-leaves oblong, very prickly, somewhat recurved, with 

 long, decurrent wings. Heads globular, .02 in diameter excluding spines, 

 many-flowered ; spines .018 long, flattened, defexed ; flowerets pink — 

 July and August — Subalpine Hermon, Antilebanon, Coelesyria, and 

 the eastern slopes of Lebanon. 



I I I Scales of involucre endiiig in triangular, spiny-tipped appendages. 



9. C. Aintabensis, Boiss. et Haussk. (2) .6 or more, appressed- 

 woolly, canescent, corymbose ; stem and branches winged. Leaves 

 leathery, those of root unknown, of stem oblong-lanceolate, wavy- 

 margined, prickly-lobed and toothed. Heads globular, .03 in diameter, 



