468 COMPOSITES. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



Distiaguished from C. Helleaica, Boiss. et Sprun. by its numerous 

 (8-15 not 1-4) heads, the stout spines of the involucre, t;ie strigose in- 

 dument, the orange-colored base of the pappus, the intermediate series 

 of which is longer than, and the inner as long as, the akene. 



2§. C. Balsamita, Lam. .2 to .8, scabrous, pale-green ; 

 stem erect, simple or stiff-branched, branches 1-headed. Leaves pitted, 

 oblong, obtuse, entire or dentate, to linear, entire with a setaceous tip, 

 the uppermost subulate-setaceous. Heads ovate, .02 long ; scales of in- 

 volucre yellow, triangular-lanceolate, prickle tvvice as long as ciliae, some 

 of the inner scales red-tipped — July — Fields; eastern plateaux of 

 Antilebanon to Aintab, and north-eastward. 



29. C. baUaiiiitoides, Post. (Plant{£ Postiange ii. p. 15). (5 1 

 or more, glabrous, glaucous ; stem erect, panicled ; branches rigid. 

 Leaves**. Heads ovate-conical, .01 to .015 long, .006 broad ; scales of 

 m.Yo\\iovQ pa'e-green, lanceolate, acuminate,; prickle twice to thrice ^'S, 

 long as ciliae, the innermost scales herbaceous, entire ; pappus scarcely 

 plumose — July— Plain between ed-Derajat and Marbat-'Antar (Palmyra). 



30. C. Crocodylium, L. .6 to 1.3, green, sparingly papil- 

 lose ; stem slender; branches long, tiakei, 1-heaied. Lower leaves 

 petioled, undivided or lyrate, upper sessile, pinnati partite into linear 

 lobes. Heads heni^nherical, .015 in diameter ; fl »werets pinl:, the 

 marginal neutral, radiating; aJcenes hispid — May — Galilee to Banias, 

 Merj-'Ayun, and Beirut. 



Var. crocodj^lioides, Boiss. Membrane of the scales parted 

 oil each side to the base into 5-7, white fringes — Plain of Esdraelon. 



31. C. laeterocarpa, Boiss. et Gaill. .5 papillose-pubes- 

 cent ; stem thick, with short, forked branches from base. Leaves some- 

 what petioled, pinnati partite. Heads ovate-conical ; flowerets pale 

 fiesh-Golored ; w^ienai villous, very dissimilar, those of margin minute, 

 crowned with short chaff, thos'^ of disk larger, blick ; pappus once and 

 a half as long as akenes — May — Judeidah (Merj-'Ayun) and Anti- 

 lebanon. 



32. C Babylonica, L. (§) 2 to 3.5, appressed-cobwebby, 

 canescent ; stem thick, leafy, winged, ending in a long, m tny-headed, 

 thyreoid panicle. Lower leaves large, oblong, short-petioled, pinnat^ly 

 lobed or parted ; stem-leaves smaller, the upper linear-lanceolate, 

 acuminate. Heads nearly sessile, crowded along the short branches, 

 conical with a rounded base, .02 long ; scales of involucre tipped with 

 a very shorn prickle —July to Septenber — Dry hillsides ; coast and 

 mountains to 1,000 m. and interior plains. 



33. C. myriocepliala, Sch. ® 11 .3 to .5, rouuh-papillose, 

 with forked, spreading branches from base., many-headed. Lower leaves 

 lyrate. upper piunatipartite to oblong-lanceolate and linear, entire. 

 Heads ter ninal, o!)long-conical, .003 to .01 long, on peduncles bearing 

 a few, s n ill leives ; scales of involucre tapering into a yellow, erect 

 spine, the intermediate as long as scales — May to July — Gilead to 

 Hauran, Damascus, Palmyrene desert, Aleppo, Aintab, an>l eastward. 



Var. major, Boiss. Heads as large as a filbert — Between ilems 

 and Hama, 



