COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 479 



tapering into a petiole, the upper sessile, linear. Fruiting 'peduncles 

 much injiated, contracted beneath heads ; heads medium ; akenes gradual- 

 ly tapering into a thick teak one-Jourth their length — Spring — Hills ; 

 Antilebanon ; northern Sj'ria. 



4. P. Spreiig'eriaiiM, L. .3 to .8 ; stem erect, divaricately 

 branched. Leaves entire or sinuate-toothed, the radical oblanceolate, 

 tapering to a petiole, the others clasping, appendage at base. Heads 

 .01 long ; peduncles not thickened ; akenes sliort-tapering, notheaked — 

 May to August — Weedy places ; coast to middle mountain regions 

 and interior plains. 



5. P. Iiot§cliyi, Boiss. © Rough hairy ; stem erect, zigzag, 

 dichotomous-corymbose. Lower leaves oblanceolate, with few teeth, 

 upper linear, entire. Peduncles g7'adi(aUy thickened ahove ; heads medium; 

 akenes tapering at both ends, tiiJiJed with a slender ieak as lo?ig as they 



— May — Aleppo. 



6. P. cyaiiocarpa, Boiss. Haudhdn. .1 to .2, densely 

 canescent ; stems siinjAe^ or 2-forked, 2-headed. Root-leaves oblanceo- 

 late, sinuate-toothed or coarsely pinnatilobed ; stem-leaves 1-2, linear, 

 or 0. Peduncles not thickened ; heads .015 long ; akenes oblong, Uuish- 

 gray, rather ah-uptly beaked, beak longer than akene — March and April 



— Valleys of Sinai. 



7. P. sulpliurca, Del. © .3 to .4, rough ; stems once or 

 twice forked above. Lower leaves oblanceolate, sparingly sinuate- 

 toothed or pinnatifid ; stem-leaves few, linear-lanceolate, entire. Pe- 

 dun(;les not thickened ; heads .01 to .014 long ; akenes gradually taper- 

 ing into a beak one-fourth their length ; pappus persistent — February to 

 April — Sinai to Egypt. 



* * Pappus of marginal akenes confluent into a fringed cup. 



8. P. radicata, Forsk. .15 to .25, rough-papillose. Root- 

 leaves rosetted, oblanceolate, sinuate-pinnatifid into rounded or ovate 

 lobes ; stem-leaves few, linear. Peduncles long, scarcely thickened; 

 heads .015 long ; marginal akenes cylindrical, incurved, truncate, disk 

 akenes very small, oblong, rounded or narrowed at tip — March to 

 May — Samaria ; Gaza, and southward. 



9. P. Damaseena, Boiss. et Gaill. © .2 to .3, hairy ; steins 

 low, simple, or forked, 1-2-headed. Leaves small, oblong-linear to 

 linear, sparingly denticulate. Peduncles not thickened ; heads .01 

 long ; akenes glabrous, those of margin tapering, those of disk with a 

 beak half as long as they ; inner bristles of pappus ten — April and May 



— Antilebanon near Damascus, and Damascus. 



10. P. Blaiiclieana, Boiss. © Rough ; stems sparingly fork- 

 ed, few-headed. Stem-leaves lanceolate-linear, entire. Peduncles not 

 thickened ; heads small ; akenes slender, those of margin appressed- 

 hirsute^ tapering, those of disk with a beak rather shorter than the akene; 

 inner bristles of pappus twelve to fifteen — May — El- Jebel-el-Abiad 

 (Palmyrene desert). 



93. HAOIOSSRIS, Boiss. Hagiosbris. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre in two ranks, the inner scales in 

 fruit hardened, convolute-boat-shaped, tapering, at length deciduous. 



