COMPOSITE. (CO\JPOSITE FAMILY). 493 



* Alcenes glabrous, home on a distmct, usually injtated stalk. 



1. S. Jacquiniana, Kocli. 2]! .25 to .4 ; neck bearing sterile 

 and flowering stems, the latter branching or simple. Heads .02 long 

 and broad ; inner scales of involucre appressed-puberulent within ; 

 marginal flowerets once and a half to twice as long as involucre ; 

 akenes angular-striate, rather shorter than pappus — April and May — 

 Fields ; Lebanon, Ccelesyria and Antilebanon, Cassius, and north- 

 ward. 



* * Akenes glabrous ; stalk almost 0, or sliort, or long but not inflated. 



t Stems scape-like or few-branched ; leaves mostly radical. 



2. S. laiollls, M. B. 2|! Appressed -cobwebby, canescent ; root 

 vertical, tuberous; neck sheathed in the remains of the petioles ; stems 

 simple or branched, densely leafy below. Leaves linear, elongated, 

 sheathing at base, zigzag, recurved, and usually icavy-margined.. Pe- 

 duncles at length thickened at apex ; heads .02 to .03 long ; scales of 

 involucre few, very unequal, ovate to lanceolate ; flowerets yellow, red- 

 dish without, once and a haf as long as involucre; akenes 5-furrowed, 

 scaly-muricate, rather longer than wJiite pappus — Spring — Dry places ; 

 Lebanon, Antilebanon, Damascus, Nusairy Mountains, Palmyrene 

 desert, Aintab, and northward. 



3. S. pSiesopappa, Boiss. 21 Glabrous or sparingly cobwebby- 



cauescent ; root-vertical, spindle-shaped ; neck sheathed with remains 

 of petioles ; stems simple or somewhat branching. Heads .03 to .04 

 long ; flowerets lilac ; akenes striate, somewhat tapering from base to 

 apex, scaly-muricate, shorter than or as long as smoky pappus — April 

 and May — Huleh and HauriXn to Ccelesyria, Antilebanon, Palmyrene 

 desert, Aintab, and north-eastward. 



Var. sninor, Boiss. Stems shorter ; heads smaller ; akenes 

 shorter — Lebanon and Antilebanon to Damascus, and northern Syria. 



4. S. Terruco§a, Boiss. If .25 to .5, cobwebby-canescent to 

 glabrescent ; root cylindrical, slender. Leaves grass-like, linear, wavy. 

 Scapes 1-headed, with a few, scattered leaves ; fruiting heads .03 long; 

 scales of involucre glabrescent, lanceolate, obtuse ; outer akenes with 

 a stalk nearly half as long as they, echinate with transverse, warty scales, 

 the inner nearly smooth ; pappus dingy-white, somewhat longer than 

 akene — Mayand June — vVadi Qondil (base of Cassius), and north- 

 ward. 



t t Stems leafy, branching. 



5. S. pappo§a, DC. 1(! .3 to .5, cobwebby with detersile wool, 

 then glabrescent. Leaves often wavy-margined, the lower oblong, 

 tapering to a petiole, the middle half-clasping, loug-tapering toward 

 tip, the upper linear-lanceolate. Heads .03 to .04 long ; scales of in- 

 volucre white-margined, the outer orbicular to ovate, the inner oblong- 

 lanceolate ; flowerets lilac ; akenes .01 or less long, acutely 4-angled, 

 muricate ; pappus white, densely feathery, rather longer than seed — 

 Spring — Hills and argillaceous fields ; deserts ; middle zone of 

 mountains ; interior plains ; Jordan Valley. 



6. S. Liibanotica, Boiss. 2^ .3 to. 5, flocculent with detersile 

 wool ; root vertical ; neck very scaly ; stems branching. Lower leaves 

 oblong to oblong-lanceolate, sometimes denticulate, acuminate, tapering 



