494 COMPOSITE, (composite family.) 



into a petiole ; stem-leaves clasping, lanceolate. Heads .03 to .035 

 long ; base of involucre truncate ; scales ovate-cordate to oblong ; 

 flowerets yellow toward tip, dark purple at base ; akenes .03 long, 

 thick-ribbed and deeply furrowed, ribs of outer ones w avy -toothed ; 

 pappus dirty white, shorter than seed — April to June — Subalpine and 

 alpine Lebanon, and Antilebanon. A showy species. 



7. S. parviflora, Jacq. % .3 to .4 ; root-stock short, 'prce- 

 morse, with two to three cylindrical fibres ; neck nearly naked ; stem 

 rather bare, usually 1 -headed. Root-leaves linear-lanceolate, with 

 broad petioles ; stem-leaves 1-3, linear, the upper very small. Heads 

 .02 to .03 long; marginal flowerets a little longer than involucre ; 

 akenes short, angled, white, obsoletely tubercled, half aa long as white, 

 caducous pappus — April — Merj (Damascus). 



t 1 1 Tufted ; root-stock woody ; leaves linear. Pappus plumose heloio, 

 scabrous toward tip. 



8. S. MaRmeliana, Boiss. % .05 to .15 ; stems rigid, 1-2- 

 headed. Heads .015 long, short-peduncled ; scales of involucre woolly, 

 somewhat spreading, triangular to lanceolate ; flowerets yellow, the 

 outer reddish without, about one-fourth longer than involucre ; akenes 

 striate, shorter than reddish-hrown ^jappjus — July to September — Alpine 

 Lebanon and Antilebanon. Too near S. pygmoea, Sibth. et. Sm. 



9. S. rig^icla, Auch. 11 .1 to .2, appressed-canescent ; stems 

 rigid, slender, simple, 1-headed, or few-branched, taller than length of 

 leaves. Heads .01 to .013 long : flowerets yellow, the outer about one- 

 third longer than involucre ; akenes obtusely ribbed, furrowed, longer 

 than dirty iDhite p)CLp>pus — September — Alpine Lebanon. 



* * .Akenes woolly or mlJous along their whole length. Pappus p)lumose. 

 t Root tuberous. Flowerets yellow. 



10. S. lanata, M. B. 11 Mussah. DhebaJiUl. .1 to .25, tufted, 

 iDOolly. Leaves linear-lanceolate to linear, about as long as 1-headed 

 scapes. Heads .015 long ; scales of involucre lanceolate, nearly equal., 

 as long as yellow flowerets ; pappus reddish, /<9W7' times aslong as akenes 

 — March and April — Argillaceous soil ; et-Tih ; Damascus to Palmyra, 

 Aleppo, and north-eastward. 



11. S. Keiiiseea, Boiss. (Suppl. Fl. Or. 321). % .06 to .12, 

 appressed-canescent, glaucous ; stems leafy, racemed almost from base. 

 Leaves 3-nerved, the lower oblong-lanceolate, acute, .015 to .02 long, 

 ,006 to .008 broad, the upper linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Peduncles 

 ascending, long ; heads .012 to .015 long ; outer scales of involucre 

 triangular-acuminate, short, inner lanceolate, canescert, one-third 

 longer than scales; pappus reddish, somewhat shorter than akeae — 

 Summer — East face of Jebel Keniseh. 



1 1 Root cylindrical or fusiform. Flowerets yellow^ 



12. S. Kotscliyi, Boiss. 1|; .15 to .25, flocculent below, glabres- 

 cent above ; stems leafy below, sometimes l3rauching. Leaves grass- 

 like. Peduncles long ; heads .02 long ; scales of involucre membranous 

 at margin, the outer ovate, the inner oblong to elliptical ; flowerets 

 one-third longer than scales ; pappus tawny, once and a half as long as 

 akene — May — Antioch to Aleppo, Aintab, and north-eastward. 



