736 cupuLiPERJS. (oak family.) 



more or less pubescent at axils of nerves of lower. Pistillate catkins 1-3 

 from a bud. .02 long. .012 in diameter, longer than peduncles; nutlets 

 wingless — February and Marcli — Common along banks of streams to 

 1500 m, 



Ordeii C. CUPUI.IFER;E, Rich. (Oak Family). 



Trees or shrubs, with alternate and simple, straight- - 

 veined leaves, decichcous stipules, and rnoncecious flowers. 

 Stariiinate flowers in catJcins (aments), (or ca^ntate-clustered 

 in Fagusjj perigoniurn of 5-9, uneqiial sepals, or 0/ stamens 

 5-20. Pistillate floimrs solitary or clustered, furnished with 

 an involucre which forms a cup or covering to the 1-celled, 

 1-seeded nut. Perigonimn adnate to ovary, the limh denticu- 

 late^ often caducous — Ovary 2-6-cellecl, the cells 1-2-oviiled. 

 Styles 2-6, connate at base. Fruit formed by the involucre 

 encloshig the pericarp, or sheatliing its base. Embryo 

 straight, radicle looking toward the hilum. Albumen 0. 



1. CAEPINUS. Strobile of fertile flowers loose ; nutlets (,003 lonji), each subtended by two 



leafy bractlets. 

 9. ()STHYA. Strobile of fertile flowers dense; a pair of nutlets (.003 long) at base of each 

 deciduous bract, each surrounded by a bladdery bag. 



3. COKYLUS. Fertile flowers 1-few on a leafy twigj nut (.015 to .02 long) enclosed in a 



tubular, leafy involucre, torn-fringed at tip. 



4. (iUEECUS. Fertile flowers solitary or 2-S in a cluster; fruit an acorn, /'.f. a 1-seeded 



nut, enclosed in a cupule composed of imbricated bracts. 



5. FA<ir>^. Fertile flowers 2-1, enclosed in an urn-shaped, 4-lobed involucre, connate witli 



bases of numerous, linear bracts; nut triquetrous, enclosed in enlarged involucre. 



1. CARPIXITS. Touni. HoIl^^BEAM. Iron Wood. 



Sfaminate fiowers in cylindrical, bracted catkins, bracts simple, 

 ovate. Stamens 6-12, inseited in the axil of the bract, anthers witli 

 two, separate cells borne on the forks of the short filaments. PistiVate 

 Jloicers in ovoid, loose strobiles with 3, small, deciduous bracts around 

 each pair of open, leaf-like bractlets which form an involucre for the 

 single flower. Perigouium adherent to ovarj^ limb miuute, 6-toothed. 

 Ovary with 2, 1-ovuled cells. Stigmas 2, filiform. Nutlet by abortion 

 1-celled, at base of open involucre, ribbed — Small trees. 



C Diiiiieiisis, Scop, 5 4 to 6, Leaves ovate to elliptical, acute, 

 doubly serrate, pubescent along nerves of lower surface Catkins termi- 

 nal, the sterile sessile, tlie fertile peduncled, ovoid, .02 to ,03 long, .02 

 in diameter; leaves of fruiting involucre one-sided, ovate, serrate, ;015 

 long, .01 broad; nutlet .003 long, ovate, mucronulatc — Spring — 

 Lower and middle zones of Amanus, and northward. 



2. OSTRYA, Micheli. HorHOiiNBEAM. Ikon AYood. 

 Stam'iiKitcJloii'crs in drooping, cylindrical catkins. Stamens G to 

 12, inserted at axil of bract; filaments short, forked, each branch bear- 

 ing a 1-celled anther with a hairy tip, Phtillate Jloicers in a hop-like 

 strobile, a pair at the axil of 'each deciduous bract. Perigonium 

 adherent to the nutlet, with a short, bearded tip, the whole enclosed in 



