CTPERACE.E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 82'? 



l.N. ihiiior, A11.I0 Leaves 

 rigid, recurved, spiny-dentate, tJieir 

 sheaths ciliate-denticulate above ; 

 anther, 1-celled. Seed elliptico- 

 cylindrical— Summer — Lake Phia- 

 la {Birlcet-er-Jldm). 



2. 'S. graitiinca, Del. 



Leaves fiaccid, spiny- ciliate, with a ^M/jJ^^^^'i^ 



lanceolate, denticulate auricle on ^ ' ''^"^^^^'^ ^ 



either side at lase. Anther 4-celled ; 

 seed ' ovate-oblong — Summer — 

 Fresh water : Coast. Axil and base of leaves of Xaias graminea, 



with carpels magnified 3 diameter-'. 



Order CXX. CYPERACEiE, Juss. (Sedge FAiiiLv). 



Grass-like or rush-like herls, with fihroiis roots, mostly 

 solid stems {culms), closed sheaths, and spiked, chiefly ^ 3- 

 androus flowers, one in the axil of each of the glume-like, 

 imbricated hracts, destitute of any perigonium, or loith 

 hypogynous bristles or scales or a utricle in its place ; the 1- 

 celled ovary with a single, erect, anatropous ovule, in fruit 

 forming an akene — Flowers perfect or diclinous, the glume? 

 often in two rows. Stamens liypogynons, free, anthers at- 

 tached by their base, 2-celled. Ovary free, style 1, stigmas 

 2-3. Akene triquetrous or flattened. Embryo minute in the 

 base of the mealy albumen. 



Spikes several to many-floioered. Floicers normally perfect and alike (rarely with .^tatnens or 



pistil abortive). 

 t Olumes2-ranked. 

 1. CYPErwUS. Spikeletsin heads or umbels. Flowers destitute of bristle?. 



1 1 Glumes imbricated all round the rachis. 

 ■^. HELEOCHAPJS. Spikelets solitary, at end of leafless andbractlcss cuhn. llypogjnoiis 



bristles included. 

 .. FIMBRISTYLI9. Spikelets solitary, umbelled. Hypogynous bristles 0. Style bulb- 

 ous at base. 

 4. SCIRPUS. Spikelets solitary, or more or less capitate, umbelled, m' spiked, .^tyle net 

 bulbous at base. 

 * * Spikes few- (usually 1-2- rarely 4-C-) flowered, often only one floxcer fertile, then perfect. 

 . SCniENUS. Rush-like plants with spikelets in terminal liead^. 

 . OLADIUM. Tall, reed-Iike plants, with large, compound-panicled inflorescence. 

 ■' * * Flowers monmeious in the same or separate spikes on one plant, or dicrcious. Pistillate floirers 



enclosed in a utricle. 

 T. CAREX. Perennials, with spikelets solitary or arranged in a spike or panicle. 



1. CYPERIJS, L. Galinoale. 



Spikelets usually many-flowered, commonly arranged in an umbel or 

 head. Glumes in 2 rows, generally keeled, all fertile, or the lower l-\] 

 empty. Hypogynous bristles 0. Rachis anglcd-flattened or acute or 

 narrow-margined at angles, or furnished with membranous wiugs 

 decurrent from the glumes. Style 3-3-cleft. Stamens 2-?>, rarely 1. 



