CYrERACE^. (sedge FAMILY.) 835 



or triquetrous, included iu the growing utricle — Perennial herbs, 

 with spikelets solitary, or arranged iu a spike or panicle. In some 

 species the utricle encloses a small awn at the base of the ovary. 



* Spikelets androgynous, arranged in a continuous or interrupted spike, or 

 panicled, each subtended ly a Iractlct. Stigmas 2. 



I Spikelets staminate at tip. 



\ Root stoloniferous or creeping. 

 1 C. stenophylla, 2 divisa. 



\ \ Boots fibrous, bearing tufts. 

 3 C. vulpina, 4 muricata, 5 divulsa. 



I I Spikelets staminate below. 



6 C. remota. 



'* * Spikelets numerous, the terminal or upper ones staminate, the lower 



pistillate. If they are mixed, the pistillate fioicers are more numei'ous. 



t Spikelets normally either all or the ujjj^er ones androgynous at tip. 



7 C. Linkii, 8 eremitica. 



1 1 Spikelets normally each with only one kind of fiowev. 



\ Utricle with a short, terete, obliquely truncate orretuse beak or 0. 



9 C. glauca, 10 Mediterranea, 11 echinata, 12 maxima, 13 acuta. 



\ \ Utricle with a more or less elongated, terete or comjjressed, bifid or bi- 

 cuspid beak. 



14 C. sylvatica, 15 extensa, 16 distans, 17 paludosa, 18 riparia. 



1. C. §tenop]iylla, Wahl. If .1 to .2; root-stock stoloniferous; 

 neck fibrous. Leaves filiform, convolute-grooved, usually curved, shorter 

 than culm. Spikelets 3-6, crowded into a rounded, ovate, or oblong, 

 tawny to blackish spike, .01 to .03 long, the upper spikelets staminate; 

 bracts mucronate to cuspidate; glumes ovate, obtuse or acute, white- 

 margined; utricle ovate, plano-convex, 9-11-nervcd, ending in a short 

 beak, with serrulate-scabrous margin, and membranous, rctuse mouth 

 — Spring — Moist places, coast to middle, subalpinc, and alpine regions, 

 and interior plateaus. 



Var. planifolia, Boiss. Leaves flat — Borders of et-Tih ; Jeru- 

 salem; Moab; Damascus and Aleppo; Syrian Desert, 



2. C. divisa, Huds. If Sdrad. .2 to .G; root-stock creeping. 

 Leaves finn, flat, linear, tapjering, often as long as erect, triquetrous 

 culm. Spike compoupd, ovate to oblong, .01 to .04 long, the upper 

 spikelets staminate, all close together, or the lower separate; lower 

 bracts long-aristate, sometimes as long as spike ; glumes buH to tawny, 

 keeled, acute or mucronate; utricle ovate, phuio-couve.v, obsolctely 

 nerved, ending in a short, bidcntate beak — Spriug — Moist places; 

 common throughout ; Arabia Petraia. 



3. C. vulpina, L. % .4 to .(i; root-stock oblique. Leaves 

 gi'ass-like, keeled, rough, .005 to .007 broad, as long as the acutely 

 triquetrous stems. Spike compound, .03 to .08 long, .008 to. 01 thick, 

 oblong, dense or interrupted; spikelets many-flowered, sometimes 

 compound, all or the lotcer with long, setaceous bracts ; glumes green or 



