356 UMBELLIFERJE. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 



in each interval — Perennial herbs, with white flowers, and 3-3-pinnate- 

 ly dissected leaves. 



C. Orientale, Bolss. If .6 to 1 or more, glabrous, with ascend- 

 ing branches. Leaves ovate-triangular in outline, the segments cu- 

 neate-ovate, pinnatisect or -partite into linear or oblong, obtuse, entire 

 or lobulate lobes. Umbels many-rayed ; bracts of involucre and invol- 

 ucel setaceous, the latter about as long as pedicels ; fruits ovate, .003 

 long — Summer — Thickets and woods ; middle and subalpine zones 

 of Lebanon, Cassius, Amanus, and northward. 



42. FCEM^ICULiUIH, Hoffm. Fennel. Shumrah. Razianij. 



Calyx-margin tumid, entire. Stylopodia large, conical. Fruit ob- 

 long-terete. Ribs of mericarps 5, prominent, obtusely keeled. Oil- 

 tube 1 in each interval — Tall, biennial, or perennial herbs, with pin- 

 nately dissected leaves, and yellow flowers. 



1. F. officinale, All. If Fennel. Shumdr. 1 or more ; stem 

 terete, striate. Leaves dissected into capillary lobes, the upper reduced 

 to a caudate petiole. Umbels 13-20-rayed — Summer — Borders of 

 fields, and hillsides ; not uncommon, 



2. F. piperitum, D.C. If 1 to 2 ; stem terete, striate. Leaves 

 3-pinnatisect into linear, rigid lobes ; the upper reduced to a caudate 

 petiole. Umbels 5-7-rayed — June — Dry hills ; Galilee, Lebanon, 

 Cassius, and northward. 



43. KlTWDMAlV^flA, Scop. Kundmannia. 



Calyx-teeth ovate. Stylopodia conical. Fruit terete, prismatic- 

 cylindrical. Ribs of mericarps filiform, obtuse, equal. Oil-tubes nu- 

 merous in each interval. Inner face of albumen flat — Perennial, gla- 

 brous herbs, with pinnatisect leaves and yellow flowers. 



K. Syriaca, 2f .6 ; stem erect, flexuous, branching from base. 

 Leaves tender, triangular in outline, bipinnatisect into ovate, subses- 

 sile, serrate or 2-3-fid segments, .015 to .02 long, .005 to .01 broad. 

 Umbels with 15-25, .02 long rays; bracts of involucel ovate-triangular, 

 very short ; fruit * * — June and July — Fissures of rocks above 

 Antioch. 



44. CRITHmtJItt, L. Crithmtjm. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit ovoid-oblong, scarcely flattened. 

 Mericari^s semiterete, pentagonal, the lateral ribs at margin. Pericarp 

 pithy, thick, at length separating from the endocarp, which is adnate 

 to the semiterete seed, and everywhere covered with oil-tubes — Gla- 

 brous, maritime herbs, with a woody base, fleshy leaves, and greenish- 

 white flowers. 



C. maritimum, ^ .3 to .4; stems stout. Leaves bipinnatipar- 

 tite into linear-lanceolate and oblong, acute leaflets, .02 to .05 long. 

 Umbels many rayed ; bracts of involucre and involucel lanceolate, 

 deflexed ; fruit .005 to .006 long, .003 broad — Summer — Hanging 

 from rocks by the sea. 



