DIPSACE^. (TEASEL FAMILY.) 399 



Order LV. DIPSACE^E. {Teasel Family). 



Robust herbs, with opjposite or whorled leaves, no stip- 

 ules, and jperfect floioers, each with a tubular, calyx-liJce 

 involucel, aggregated in heads, with an involucre as in 

 Compositm, or {in Morina) in axillary whorls ; calyx-tuhe 

 adnate to base of ovary • corolla inserted on apex of calyx- 

 tube ; stainensfree; style \, stigma simple ; ovary ^ -celled ; 

 seeds cdbuminous — Calyx-Jimb ciip-sliaped, disk-like, or 

 divided into pappus ; corolla-limb 2-5-lobed, sometimes ir- 

 regular. Fruit indehiscent, dry, included in involucel, often 

 adnate to it, apex free, crowned with caljx-limb. 



* Flowers whorled. Corolla bilabiate. Stigma terminal, straight. 



1. MORINA. Calyx-limb with two, leaf-like lobes. 



* * Flowers in heads. Corolla not labiate ; tube short. Stigma oblique. 



2. DIPSACLrs Involucel truncate at apex or with crenate or minutely toothed crovvrn ; calyx- 

 limb cup-shaped or disk-like, truncate or entire. 



3. CEPHALARIA. Involucel 4-8- toothed, or naked 5 calyx-limb umbonate, oo -toothed. 



4. KNAUTIA. Involucel minutely toothed; calyx-limb unequally 4-6-toothed. 



5. SCABIOSA. Involucel ending in a scarious crown ; calyx-limb 5-aristate. 



6. PTEROCEPHALUS. Involucel ending in a short; crown; calyx-limb with 12-24, plumose 

 awns. 



Involucel unequally spiny-dentate at apex. Ca]yx-limb with two, 

 leafy lobes. Corolla tubular-ringent, upper lip bifid, lower trifid. 

 Stamens 4, of which 2 are rudimentary — Perennial herbs, with thistle- 

 like leayes, forming an involucre to the whorls of long-exserted, showy, 

 pink flowers. 



M. Persica, L. 1|! .6 to 1. Stem stout, grooved. Leaves 

 leathery, the lower linear, petioled, the floral sessile, ovate, all sinuate- 

 pinnatifid, with spiny lobes. Flowers nearly sessile ; longer spines of 

 involucel as long as calyx-limb, or longer ; calyx-limb obovate-oblong, 

 obtuse or refuse; corolla pubescent, .05 to .06 long- Summer — 

 Middle and subalpine Lebanon and Antilebanon, toAintab, Marash, and 

 northward. 



2. DIPSACIJS, L. Teasel. 



Involucel 4-augled, grooved, truncate at apex, with an almost ob- 

 solete, denticulate margin. Calyx -limb cup-shaped. Receptacle chaffy. 

 Involucre leaves in one row — Stout, tall, monocarpic herbs, with 

 large, .05 to .06 long, ovate heads of small flowers, almost hidden by 

 their long-aristate pales. 



1. I>. sylvestris, L. © 1 to 1.5, prickly. Leaves glah-ous or 

 aculeate, crenate-serrate, sessile, the lowest tapering at base, the others 

 connate at base, the intermediate sometimes pinnatifid. Pales oblong -6b- 

 ovate — May to September — « 



Var. comosus, Ledeb. Upper pales as long as head — Fields ; 

 Subalpine Lebanon. 



