446 COMPOSIT.E. (composite family.) 



* Scales of partial involucre more or less united. 

 t Scales of partial involucre all glabrous. 



1. E. g;laberriiuu§, DC. % Khashir. .6, glossy, glabrous, 

 except slightly cobwebby, under face of leaves; stein slender, simple, 

 l-hended. Leaves 7'igid, jjrominently nermd, lanceolate^ pinnatipartite 

 into small, ovate-oblong segments, with crowd.ed, spiny lobes. Pencil 

 half as long as involucre ; scales of involucre about 16 ; chaff of 

 pappus shorty free — Summer — Sinai and et-Tih, 



t f Outer scales of involucre at least usually woolly or glandular^ some 

 of them produced into horns. 



2. E, spiiio§u§, L. 71 ShauTc-el-Jemdl. 1 or more, not glandular. 

 Leaves pinnatipartite into linear-lanceolate or subulate, prickly lobes, 

 with revolute margins. Heads . 05 broad ; pencil as long as involucre, 

 composed of scabrous bristles ; scales of involucre 18-20 ; bristles of 

 pappus chaff-like, united for one-third of their length; involucre of 

 upper, sterile headlets furnished with a strong horn, often .04 long — 

 Summer — Syria (place not noted ; Boissier). 



3. E. viscosu§, DC. Qarqafdn. Qutdt. Mar^dicileh. Shauk- 

 el-Jemdl. 1 to 1.5 ; stem reddish or white, glabrescent, or rough with 

 more or less copious, red, glandular bristles. Leaves greenish, and beset 

 with glandular bristles at upper face, canescent at lower, 1-3-pinnatisect 

 into lanceolate, spiny lobes. Heads .05 broad ; pencil one-third to one- 

 half as long as involucre ; scales of involucre 20-22 ; bristles of pappus 

 chaff-like, united at base ; one scale of the involucre of the upper 

 headlets sometimes elongated into a horn — Summer and autumn — 

 Fields ; common from coast to subalpine regions, and interior plains. 



Var. OaiJlardoti, Post. Heads smaller. Involucre .01 long. 

 {JS. Gaillardoti, Boiss.). 



Var. Blanclieanus, Post. Leaves with linear-subulate lobes, 

 revolute margins, and long prickles. Heads as in type or in Var. 

 Gaillardoti. (,E. Blancheanus, Boiss.). 



* * Scales of partial irmolucre all free. 



4. E. vag'inatus, Boiss. et Haussk. % .5 to 1, glandless ; stem 

 stout, terete, appressed-woolly-canescent. Leaves coriaceous, green at 

 upper surface, cobwebby-canescent at lower, the radical oblong-lanceo- 

 late, pinnatisect into triangular-lanceolate, 3-5-fid, long-prickly seg- 

 ments, the short j^^tiole bordered on each side by a flat, linear-oblong, 

 striate wing, with p>ricTdy -pectinate margin, those of stem ovate-oblong, 

 sessile, prickly-dentate, the uppermost hooded. Heads . 08 in diameter ; 

 pencil more than half as long as involucre, composed of feathery scales; 

 scales of involucre 13-14 ; bristles of pappus united for one-fourth of 

 their length — September — Alpine regions of Akherdagh, and north- 

 ward. 



5. E. §pl]£erocepbalus, L. If 1 or more ; stem grooved, 

 canescent and setulose-glandular. Leaves soft, green at upper surface, 

 viscid-hirtellous, canescent at lower surface, lanceolate, pinnatifid into 

 oblong, triangular, lobed, prickly segments. Pencil somewhat more 

 than half as long as involucre ; scales of involucre about 16, viscid- 

 puberulent ; bristles of pappus united to beyond their middle — Summer 

 — (Jennesaret (Tristram). 



