COMPOSITJE. (composite FAMILY.) 465 



10. C. Itplccephala, Bois?. (D .5 to .7. Leaves rigid, the 

 lower pinratiparlite into linear lobes, the upper linear, toothed and 

 entire. Heacs soliiary, liDear-cylirdrical, .01 long, .002 broad ; 

 flowerets jvrjle — IVIay and June — Coelesyiia and Antilebanon. 

 Probably a variety of the last. 



11. C. aggregala, F. et M. @ .5 to .8. Root-leaves lyrate, 

 the terminal segment ovate-rhombic, the lateral oNong, often intermixed 

 with minute lobules ; stem-leaves sessile, oblong, sparingly lobed or 

 entire. Heads 2-7 in a duster at the ends of the branches ; mucro of 

 imoh/cre-i-cales shorter than fringe, stout ; flowerets jjurjjle — June and 

 July — Eocky places ; Marash, and northward. 



Var. mierocephala, Post. Heads .008 long, .003 broad, solitary 

 or 2-3 in a cluster — El-Jebel-el-Ahmar (Amanus) ; Aint^b. 



12. C. dumulosa, Boiss. 5 -^ to .4 ; branches 4-angled. 

 Leaves few, pinnatipartite into awl-shaped lobes, or entire, awl -shaped ; 

 upper leaves scale-like. Heads solitary, oblong, .01 long, .005 broad ; 

 prickle of involucre scales longer than white fringe ; flowerets pink — 

 May to July — Dry places ; Merj-Ayun to Ccelesyria, Antilebanon, and 

 Palmyrene desert. 



13. C. I>ama$eeiia, Boiss. 5 -^ to .6, sparingly leafy, 4-argled. 



Boot-leaves linear, vith a few, short, toothed lobes; stem-leaves scale-like, 

 entire. Heads .015 long, .005 broad ; scales of involucre with a broad, 

 scariovs, translucent, entire or ragged-fringed margin, ending in a weah, 

 slender pricl le, as long as scale or shorter ; flow ertts pale pink — June and 

 July — Dry hillsides ; Antilebanon to Damascus. 



14. C. Aiitiochia, Boiss. IC 1 to 1.4, sparingly cobwebby, 

 glabrescent, corymbose above. Leaves short-petioled, lyrate-pinnati- 

 partite into obtusely-toothed lobes, stem-leaves small, the upper scale- 

 like. Heads .02 broad, peduncled ; spines of intermediate scales of in- 

 volucre .015 long, longer than scale ; flow^erets darlc purple; alcenes 

 densely hirsute — June — Chalky rocks about Antioch. 



15. C specio§a, Boiss. If .25 to .35, appressed-canescent, 



woody at base. Leaves tender, crowded, pinnatipartite into oblong, 

 obtuse, pinnate-lobed segments. Scales of involucre not fringed ; 

 spines prickly near base, twice to thrice as long as scale, .01 to .015 

 long : flowerets ^17?^^ — May and June — Vertical rocks ; upper Galilee 

 to subalpine zone of Lebanon and Hermon. 



16. C. cryngioides, Lam. 2( .3 to .5, crisp-puberulent, gieen, 

 coarse-pubescent at nech ; stems rigid, thickish, usually branching from 

 base. Leaves lyrate-pinnatipartite into small, obtuse lobes, the terminal 

 lobe ovate-oblong. Heads globular, .02 in diameter, with long, stout, 

 nearly naked peduncles ; scales of involucre glabrescent, pale, broad- 

 ovate, margin pectinate-fringed with white prickles, terminal spine 

 stout, .01 to .035 long; flowerets pinlc — April and July — Rocky 

 places ; Sinai to subalpine Lebanon, Ccelesyria, Antilebanon, Damas- 

 cus, Palmyra, and northward. 



Yar. hracliyacantha, Boiss. Spines more slender, not as long 

 as flowerets, but twice as long as scales — Palestine ; subalpine Leba- 

 non and Antilebanon ; Palmyra. 



