466 COMPOSITE, (composite family.) 



Var. AiTieten§i§, Boiss. Grey-hirsute with ringed hairs — 

 Between 'Ain-Ata and Deir-el-Ahmar. " 



17. C. earduiforinis, DC. 2^ 1 or more, greyish with papil- 

 lose, spreading or appressed flexuous hairs ; stems rigid, 1-headed, or 

 sparingly branched. Leaves pinnatipartite into oblanceolate-linear to ob- 

 long^ sparingly dentate leaflets, intermixed with minute lobules. Heads 

 globular, .08 broad ; scales of involucre broad-ovate, margin thickly 

 beset with lo7ig, pectinate prickles ; spines yellow or tawny, spreading 

 or reflexed, as long as scale or twice as long ; flowerets puri^le to pink 

 — June — Chalky hills between Kessab and Antioch. 



18. C. tlirincispfolia, DC. 2^ 1 or more, hirsute below ; stem 

 angular- striate, sparingly branched. Leaves pinnatipartite into linear 

 leaflets. Heads globular ; scales ovate, margin beset with short, pectin- 

 ate prickles ; terminal spine slender, about as long as scale or a little 

 longer ; flowerets pink — Spring — Palmyra, and north-eastward. 



19. C. Urvillei, DC. If .06 to .15, appressed-cobwebby, canes- 

 cent, almost stemless. Leaves nearly all radical, rosetted, lanceolate- 

 linear in outline, lyrate, forming an involucre for the head, segments 

 more or less dentate or pinnatifid, interspersed with lobules. Heads 

 nearly sessile or on peduncles not more than .1 long, globular, .03 to 

 .05 broad ; scales ovate, margin pectinate-prickly ; spines of inter- 

 mediate scales lanceolate at prickly base, stout, .015 long, as long as 

 jjm^ flowerets — May and June — Aintab, Marash, and northward. 



Var. cauleseens, Post. .3. Root-leaves shorter than stems, 

 with one pair of oblong, entire lobes, .03 long, and a terminal lobe 

 much larger, rhombic-ovate, .07 long ; stem-leaves entire, oblong ; 

 tapering to a petiole ; upper leaves linear-oblong, minute, bract-like. 

 Heads on rather loug, nearly naked peduncles — Aintab. 



20. C. arifolia, Boiss. 11 .6 to 1 or more, green, somewhat 

 crisp-puberulent ; stem slender, 2-4-headed, Leaves nearly entire, the 

 lower long-petioled, ovate-cordate or slightly haberd-shaped, obtuse, often 

 .4 long, including petiole, the upper elliptical to oblong-lanceolate, 

 tapering at base. Heads globular, .02 to .025 broad ; scales of in- 

 volucre glabrous, the lower orbicular, prickly-mucronate, the inter- 

 mediate ending in a triangular, pectinate appendage, tapering into a 

 short, dark-l)rown spine as long as the appendage ; flowerets deep-purple 

 — June — Cassius and el-Jebel-el-Ahmar (Amanus) ; Antioch plain. 



21. C. Cataonica, Boiss. et Haussk. (5) .5 to 1 ; stem glabres- 

 cent, 4t-7-headed. Leaves firm, with elevated, netted veins, rough- 

 papillose, the lower sliort-petioled, lyrate-pinnntipartite into 1-2 pairs of 

 oblong set^ments ; stem-leaves small, oblong-hmceolate, acute, entire. 

 Heads globular, .03 to .04 broad ; scales of involucre leathery, ap- 

 pendages triangular, pectinate-prickly, the inner tapering into a stout 

 spine as long as appendage — July to September — Plain of Marash. 



22. C. splcata, Boiss. (5) .6 to 1, rough-papillose, green ; stem 

 winged, 4-9-headed. Leaves firm, the lower lyrate, lateral segments 

 1-2 on each side, oblong, terminal segment large, oblong, cuneate or 

 cordate at base, intermediate leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering at base, 

 upper linear. Heads ovate, .02 broad ; scales of involucre glabrous, 



