468 ' COMPOSITJE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



^Distinguished from C. Hellenica, Boiss. et Sprun. by its numerous 

 (8-15 not 1-4) heals, the stoat spines of the involucre, the strigose in- 

 dument, the oraui^e-colored base of the pappus, the intermediate series 

 of which is longer than, and the inner as long as, the akene. 



2§. C. Balsamit-i, Lara. .3 to .8, scabrous, pale-green ; 

 gteni erect, simple or stilf-branched, branches 1-headed. Leaves pitted, 

 oblong, obtuse, entire or dentate, to linear, entire with a setaceous tip^ 

 the uppermost subulate-setaceous. Heads ovate, ,02 long ; scales of in- 

 volucre yellow, triicfigular-lanceolate, prickle twice as long as ciliae, some 

 of the inner scales red-tipped — July — Fields; eastern plateaux of 

 Antilebanon to Aintab, and north-eastward. 



29. C. balsamitoides, Post. (Plantye Postianse ii. p. 15). 1 

 or more, glabrous, glaucous ; stem erect, panicled ; branches rigid. 

 Leaves**. Heads ovate-conical, .01 to .015 long, .006 broad ; scales of 

 involucre pa'e-green, lanceolate, acuminate, ; prickle twice to thrice as 

 long as ciliae, the innermost scales herbaceous, entire ; pappus scarcely 

 plumose — July — Plain between ed-Derajat and Marbat-'Antar (Palmyra). 



30. C. Crocodylium, L. .6 to 1.3, green, sparingly papil- 

 lose ; stem slender ; branches long, naked, 1-headed. Lovver leaves 

 petioled, undivided or lyrate, upper sessile, pinnatipartite into linear 

 lob(3S. Heads hemispherical, .015 in diameter ; fl. tvverets pinh, the 

 marginal neutral, radiating ; aTcenes hispid — May — Galilee to Banias, 

 Merj-'Ayun, and Beirut. 



Var. crocodylioicles, Boiss. Membrane of the scales parted 

 on each side to the base into 5-7, white fringes — Plain of Esdraelon. 



31. C. lieterocarpa, Boiss. et GaiU. .5 papillose-pubes- 

 cent ; stem thick, with short, forked branches from base. Leaves some- 

 what petioled, pinnatipartite. Heads ovate-conical ; flowerets pale 

 fiesh-colored ; akenes vilhus, Dcry dissimilar, those of margin minute, 

 crowned with short chaff, thos'^ of disk larger, bltck; pappus once and 

 a half as long as akenes— May — Judeidah (Merj-'Aydn) and Anti- 

 lebanon. 



32. C. Babylonica, L. @ 2 to 3.5, appressed-cobwebby, 

 canescent ; stem tiiic'v, leafy, winged, ending in a long, m' my -headed, 

 thyrsoid panicle. Lower leaves large, oblong, short-petioled, pinnately 

 lobed or parted ; stem-leaves smaller, tiie upper linear-lanceolate, 

 acuminate. Heads nearly sessile, crowded along the short branches, 

 conic il with a rounded base, .02 long ; scales of involucre tipped with 

 a very short prickle —July to September — Dry hillsides ; coast and 

 mountains to 1,000 m. and interior plains. 



33. C. myriocepSiala, Sch. (D 2]! .3 to .5, rough-papillose, 

 with forked, spreading branches from base^ many-headed. Lower leaves 

 lyrate, upper pinnatipartite to oblong-lanceolate and linear, entire. 

 Heads terminal, oblong-conical, .008 to .01 long, on peduncles bearing 

 a few, small leaves ; scales of involucre tapering into a yellow, erect 

 spine, the intermediate as long as scales — May to July — Gilead to 

 Hauran, Damascus, Palmyrene desert, Aleppo, Aintab, and eastward. 



Var. major, Boiss. Heads as large as a filbert — Between Hems 

 and Hama, 



