CUPULIFER^. (OAK FAMILY.) 737 



ail urn-sliaped bractlet, which in fruit becomes a closed, bladdery, 

 oblong bag, very much larger than the small, smooth nutlet, which is 

 by abortion 1-seedcd — Shrubs or small trees. 



O. carpiiiifolia, Scop. 5 ^ to 6. Leaves ovate to oblong, 

 short-petioled, rounded or subcordate at base, acuminate, sharply- 

 serrate, rusty-pubescent at under surface along nerves. Strobiles ob- 

 long, .02 to .04 long, pendulous; utricle white, .013 long, elliptical, 

 mucronate, four times as long as nutlet — May — Wooded zones of 

 Cassius, Amanus, Akher Dagh, and northw^ard. 



3. CORYL.US, L. Hazel-Nut. Filbert. Blndnq. 



Staminate floicers in drooping, cylindrical catkins, single or fas- 

 cicled from scaly buds of the axils of the preceding year. Stamens 8, 

 each with a 1 -celled anther, bearded at tip, the short filaments inserted 

 along a crest at the base of the suture of the pair of bractlets, 

 which are more or less adherent to the inner face of the wedge-shaped, 

 imbricated bract. Pistillate flowers few in a scaly bud, which devel- 

 ops into a short, leafy twig, the scales imbricated, the lower sterile, the 

 upper 2-flowered, each a single ovary surrounded by an involucre of 

 minute, fringed-tipped, villous scales coherent at base. Perigonium 

 connate with ovary, with a minute, denticulate limb. Nuts solitary 

 or 2-3 in a cluster, surrounded by the leafy, much enlarged, torn- 

 fringed involucre ; pericarp woody ; kernel edible — Shrubs or small 

 trees. 



C. Avellaiia, L. 5 ^ ^^ ^' Stipules oblong, obtuse; leaves 

 short-petioled, cordate, nearly orbicular, doubly serrate, short-acumi- 

 nate, pubescent at lower surface. Involucre in 1 row, tubular^campau- 

 ulate in fruit; nut .01 to .015 long, ovoid — Spring — Wooded zones 

 of Cassius, Amanus, and northward, and eastward. 



4. ^UERCUS, Tourn. Oak. Sindidn. 



Staminate flowers in slender, naked, drooping, bractless catkius. 

 Perigonium of 5-9, linear-oblong, ciliated sepals. Stamens 5-20. 

 Anthers 2-celled. Pistillate floioers globular, solitary, or somewhat 

 clustered, enclosed in a capule, composed of imbricated bracts; the 

 tube of the perigonium adherent to the ovary; the limb small, denti- 

 culate, superior. Ovary 3-celled below, 1 -celled above; cells 2-ovuled. 

 Styles 3 (occasionally 4). Fruit an acorn, ?'.e., a 1-celled, 1-seeded nut, 

 enclosed at base in a cupule — Trees or shrubs, with greenish-yellow, 

 inconspicuous flowers, the sterile catkins usually several from the same 

 scaly bud — These species of oak are liable to bear galls. 



* Styles sJiort, dilated-flattened at tip. Fruit maturing in one year. 



t Leaves deciduous from autumn to spring., 7iot evergreen. 

 I Leaves membra notes, sinuate, or pnnnatilobed, lobes muticous. 



1 Q. sessiliflora. 



X X Leaves undivided, crenate or dentate, teeth callous or mucronate, 



2 Q. Lusitanica. 



1 1 Leaves tJiich, evergreen, lasting several years. 

 9G 



