CONIFERS. (PINE FAMILY.) ' 75 i 



thiu margius, broader thauloug, very closely imbricated. Seeds winged. 

 Cotyledons about 13 — Tall trees, flowering in autumn, the leaves 30- 

 40, whorled at tip of twigs, persistent, short-nccdle-like. 



C. L.ibaiii, Barr. 5 Cedar of Lebanon. Arz Lubndn. Arz-ur- 

 Ilabb. Ibhul. Tnuh. 10 to 35; comus broad-conical, or sometimes 

 umbrella-like; branches horizontal. Leaves needle-like, .03 to .03 long, 

 somewhat tetragonal, stiff, acute. Staminate catUns .03 to .03 long, .008 

 to .01 in diameter; scales tawny, eroded at tip. Pistillate catUns 

 obovate-oblong, scales brownish purple, soft-silky; cones oblong to ob- 

 long-ovate, .1 to .15 long, .08 to ,1 in diameter, often with a digital 

 depression at obtuse apex; bracts much smaller than scales; seeds 

 obovate, .01 long, .006 broad at tip, one-third as long as somewhat 

 quadrate wing — Autumn — Subalpiue Lebanon, Amanus, and Akher 

 Dagh. There are groves of Cedars above el Ma'asir, Bariik, 'Ain-Ze- 

 haltah, Hadeth, Besherri, and Sir. Also in Amanus from Hodhu 

 northward. I found a solitary tree at base of Kai-Pok-Dagli. 



6. ABIES, Link. Spruce. Fir. ShuJi. 



MouQicious. Staminate cathins ovate to cylindrical, arising from 

 axils of previous year's leaves. Connective of anthers ending in a 

 tubercle, the cells splitting transversely. Pistillate catUns lateral or 

 terminal, on branches of preceding year, erect. Cowds maturing in one 

 year, scales thin, deciduous. Seeds winged, thickly beset with resinous 

 vesicles — Trees, flowering in spring ; leaves persistent, nearly sessile, 

 more or less flattened, and by a twist at their l^ase forming two rows, 

 along the horizontal twigs, attached by a circular base. 



A. Cilicica, Ant. et Ky. 5 Cilician Spruce. SliuJt. (Turc. Illeden). 

 10 to 35, comus oblong'-conical ; branches approximated, the lower hori- 

 zontal, the upper nearly erect; the twigs in 3 rows, opposite. Leaves 

 linear, .03 to .03 long, flat, obtuse, retuse, pale green at upper surface, 

 cartilaginous-margined and keeled at lower, witli a groove on each side 

 of the midrib, marked by longitudinal lines of minute white dots. 

 Staminate catlins at axils, crowded at lower surface of twigs, oblong, 

 .01 long, .003 thick. Pistillate cathins solitary on upper branches, 

 erect; cones cylindrical, .3 long, .05 thick, greenish purple, obtuse; 

 scales abruptly clawed, much broader than long, tomentellous at mar- 

 gin, and ending at each side in a recurved hook; bract stipitate, 

 spathulate, retuse, mucronulate, included; seed obovate-oblong, .01 

 long, half to one-third as long as obovate wing — Spring — Subalpine 

 and alpine Lebanon, Amanus, and northward. 



