816 AROIDEiE. (ARUM FAMILY.) 



lauceolatc, incurved hood; pistillate inflorescence very short; stami- 

 nate thrice as long; appendix slender, curved forward above mouth, 

 cxsertcd and thickened at tip — December to IMarch — Fields and 

 stony places; coast and lower mountain regions. 



Var, Tcslingii, Boiss. Spathe longer, hood often as long as 

 tube; appendix more exserted — Common. 



2. BIARIJM, Schott. Biaiium. 



Spathe convolute at base into an ovate or oblong tube with more 

 or less connate margins. The pistillate flowers at base of spadix, and 

 the staminate at tip of the low^er segment, separated by a long inter- 

 space, the staminate flowers above, the spadix produced into a naked, 

 cylindrical or club-shaped appendix. Staminate flowers: anthers 2 

 together, 2-«elled, the connective somewhat elongated, dehiscent at tip 

 by a slit or pore. Pistillate Jhicers: ovary 1-celled, 1-ovuled, tipped 

 by a short, discoid, sessile stigma or a style; ovule sessile, basal, 

 orthotropous ; abortive stamens subulate from a thickened base above 

 the pistils, and sometimes above the stamens; berry 1-celled, 1-seeded 

 — Cormous herbs with ovate, oblong, lanceolate or linear leaves. 



* Stigma sessile on a conieal-tapering ovary. 



1. B, Carduclioruni, Schott. 2j! Lesives spathulate-eUi2ytical, 

 obtusish, .07 long, .025 broad, abruptly contracted into a petiole. 

 Peduncle rather long; spathe .15 to .3 long, with blackish -purple, ob- 

 long-lanceolate, acuminate lamina, twice as long as narrow-cylindrical 

 tube; appendix of spadix blackish-purple, about as long as spathe, 

 cylindrical; pistillate inflorescence globular, staminate slender-cylindri- 

 cal, twice as long as interspace — September to January — Fields and 

 pastures; northern Syria. 



* * Ovary ah'iqjtly contracted into a style. 



2. B. Pyrami, Schott. % Leaves ol/ovate-ellijytical, abruptly 

 tapering into a petiole longer than blade, blade .09 long, .00 broad, 

 obtuse, obliquely nerved. Peduncle nearly 0; spathe with inflated, 

 scarcely connate tube, ending in a lamina four times as long, lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, blackish-purple, with the tip at length revolute; ap- 

 pendix of spadix blackish-purple, cylindrical, as long as spathe ; pistil- 

 late inflorescence short, disk-like, staminate short-cylindrical, as long 

 as interspace — September to January — Lake of Tiberias. 



3. B. Bovei, Dec. It Leaves 4-8, oNong to ollong -elliptical, .05 

 to .1 long, a little shorter than petiole. Tube of spathe connate for 

 one-third of its length, half as long as lanceolate, acute, blackish- 

 purple lamina; appendix of spadix somewhat shorter than spathe, 

 cylindrical, somewhat tapering at tip; pistillate inflorescence hemi- 

 spherical, staminate cylindrical-oblong, twice as long, one-third to one^ 

 half as long as interspace — September to December. 



Var. Karsaaini, Sch. Leaves ovate — Lebanon; Beillin; Aleppo. 



4. B. aiigustaluiii, J. D. Hook. It Leaves few, oblong-lanceo- 

 late, acute, .1(3 to .2 long, .035 broad, oblong-lanceolate, gradually 

 tapering into a petiole as long as lamina. Peduncle very short, 

 included in the oblong, acutish sheaths; spathe .14 long, with a 

 white, oblong or inflated tube, .013 thick, ending in a dark purple, 

 linear- Iwif arm lamina, about as Iroad as tule and Jive times as long; 



