GfRAMINE^. (GRASS FAMILY,) 839 



1-6, generally 3 ; anthers versatile, on thread-like filaments, 

 2-celled. Styles 2-3, free, or united at base ; stigmas hairy 

 or feathery. Ovary 1-celled, 1-ovuled, forming a seed-like 

 grain {caryojpsii) in fruit, which is sometimes adherent to the 

 pales. Embryo small, on the outside of the mealy albumen 

 — Roots fibrous. Sheath of leaves usually extended above 

 the base of the blade into a scarious appendage {ligule). 

 Spikelets panicled or spiked — A very large and important 

 family, which fui-nishes a large part of the food of man and 

 animals, and contains few injurious plants. 



Series A. PANICE>SI, Spikelets jointed with pedicel below glumes. Fertile 

 floweret 1, terminal, sometimes with a staminate or sterile one below it. 



Tribe I, PANICE.E. Spikelets dorsally flattened, flowers perfect, rarely nionoos- 

 cious, in an open or spike-like panicle, the flowering axis not jointed. Pales not aristate, in 

 fruit indurated, 



* Branches of panicle simple, spike-like. Pedicels jointed under each spikelct. 



1. PANICUM. K Spikelets not involucrate, nor the pedicels bristle-bearing. 



2. SETAPiIA. Spikelets spiked, having a one-sided involucre of bristles. 



* * Spikes or rtLcemes simple or rarely panicled. Pedicels jointed under an involucre of 1 oo 



bristles, which contains 1-3 spikelets. 



3. PENNISETUM. 1^ Spikelets spiked, 2-flowered, surrounded by an involucre of 



00 bristles. 



Tribe II. ORYZE^. Spikelets (in ours) with one, perfect floweret, usually small, 

 panicled or simply spiked, the flowering axis not jointed. 



4. LEEESIA. 2C Kice-like plants ; spikelets in an appressed, sparingly branched panicle. 



Tribe III. ZOYSIE^. Spikelets (in ours) a-flowered, 2-4 in a short-pedicelled 

 cluster, the terminal sterile, the base of the cluster jointed to the continuous axis of the 

 spiked raceme. Lower glume 0, upper minute. 



5. TRAGUS. Pale of neuter floweret 1, with 5-7, echinate ribs, and enclosing the per- 



fect floweret. 



Tribe IV. ANDKOPOGON E./E. Spikelets arranged along the axis of a spike 

 or panicle, in pairs, or the terminal in threes, compressed at back, one of the two, or the 

 middle of the three perfect, the others staminate or neuter, rarely all fertile. Lower pale 

 smaller than glumes, hyaline, often aristate. 



* Spikelets in a spike-like panicle, those of each pair unequally pedicellcd. Branches of panicle 



not jointed. 



6. IMPEEATA. V Glumes covered at outer aspect with long, silky hairs. 



* * One spikelct of each pair or triplet sessile, the other pedicelled. Branches of panicle or axis 



of tioin spikes more or less jointed. 



7. SACCHARUM. 2( Tall, stout herbs, with densely silky-villous, long and narrow pan- 



icles. Lower pale of perfect flowers muticous. 



8. EEIAJTTUUS. If As in last, but lower pale of perfect floweret awned. 



9. SP0NDI0P0G02«r. 24 Slender herbs, with hirsute inflorescence. Spikelets 3-2 on 



branches of panicle, 2-flowered, flowerets all perfect. 



10. POLLINIA. It Herbs with twin spikes. Lower pale of perfect flower long-awned. 



* * * One spikelet of each pair sessile, fertile, the other pedicelled, sterile, or 0. Spikelets op- 



pressed to the rachis, usually 2 at each holloio of the spike. 



11. ELIONUEUS. 2|! Spikelets in a hirsute, cylindrical, terminal spike. 



12. PIIACELURUS. '^, Spikelets 4 5-1, in loose, stiff, panicled spikes. 



13. HEMARTHRIA. 2|! Spikelets appressed in stiff, linear spikes, clustered in axils of 



leaves, with a spathe-like sheath at base of each spike. 



